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The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, such as Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to nontrivial improvements in various tasks, including accurate authorship identification of documents. However, while LLMs…

In recent years, large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on many natural language processing benchmarks. Despite their success, prior studies have shown that PLMs are vulnerable to attacks from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Shuguang Chen , Leonardo Neves , Thamar Solorio

Recent studies have explored integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with search engines to leverage both the LLMs' internal pre-trained knowledge and external information. Specially, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Lang Mei , Zhihan Yang , Xiaohan Yu , Huanyao Zhang , Chong Chen

Despite outstanding performance in a variety of NLP tasks, recent studies have revealed that NLP models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that slightly perturb the input to cause the models to misbehave. Among these attacks, adversarial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Duy C. Hoang , Quang H. Nguyen , Saurav Manchanda , MinLong Peng , Kok-Seng Wong , Khoa D. Doan

Large Language Models (LLMs) push the bound-aries in natural language processing and generative AI, driving progress across various aspects of modern society. Unfortunately, the pervasive issue of bias in LLMs responses (i.e., predictions)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Isabela Pereira Gregio , Ian Pons , Anna Helena Reali Costa , Artur Jordão

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a transformative leap in artificial intelligence, enabling the comprehension, generation, and nuanced interaction with human language on an unparalleled scale. However, LLMs are increasingly vulnerable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Nan Wang , Kane Walter , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for cybersecurity threat analysis, but their deployment in security-sensitive environments raises trust and safety concerns. With over 21,000 vulnerabilities disclosed in 2025, manual…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Reza Fayyazi , Michael Zuzak , Shanchieh Jay Yang

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automatic judges for code evaluation is becoming increasingly prevalent in academic environments. But their reliability can be compromised by students who may employ adversarial prompting…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Devanshu Sahoo , Vasudev Majhi , Arjun Neekhra , Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Dhruv Kumar

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly become key components in various AI applications, understanding their security vulnerabilities and the effectiveness of defense mechanisms is crucial. This survey examines the security challenges…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Frank Weizhen Liu , Chenhui Hu

Extensive research has revealed that adversarial examples (AE) pose a significant threat to voice-controllable smart devices. Recent studies have proposed black-box adversarial attacks that require only the final transcription from an…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Peng Cheng , Yuwei Wang , Peng Huang , Zhongjie Ba , Xiaodong Lin , Feng Lin , Li Lu , Kui Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to automated code analysis, enabling tasks such as vulnerability detection and code comprehension. However, their integration introduces novel attack surfaces. In this paper, we identify and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Yue Zhang , Fengyuan Xu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Sheng Zhong

We study the behavior of several black-box search algorithms used for generating adversarial examples for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. We perform a fine-grained analysis of three elements relevant to search: search algorithm,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-14 Jin Yong Yoo , John X. Morris , Eli Lifland , Yanjun Qi

Music adversarial attacks have garnered significant interest in the field of Music Information Retrieval (MIR). In this paper, we present Music Adversarial Inpainting Attack (MAIA), a novel adversarial attack framework that supports both…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Yuxuan Liu , Peihong Zhang , Rui Sang , Zhixin Li , Shengchen Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have emerged as a promising solution to mitigate LLM hallucinations and enhance their performance in knowledge-intensive domains. However, these systems are vulnerable to adversarial poisoning…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Jinyan Su , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhengxin Zhang , Preslav Nakov , Claire Cardie

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been widely used to underpin various downstream tasks. However, the adversarial attack task has found that PLMs are vulnerable to small perturbations. Mainstream methods adopt a detached two-stage…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Xuanjie Fang , Sijie Cheng , Yang Liu , Wei Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are popular for high-quality text generation but can produce harmful content, even when aligned with human values through reinforcement learning. Adversarial prompts can bypass their safety measures. We propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Mansi Phute , Alec Helbling , Matthew Hull , ShengYun Peng , Sebastian Szyller , Cory Cornelius , Duen Horng Chau

Hate speech has become pervasive in today's digital age. Although there has been considerable research to detect hate speech or generate counter speech to combat hateful views, these approaches still cannot completely eliminate the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Vibhor Agarwal , Yu Chen , Nishanth Sastry

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a common practice in multimodal large language models (MLLM) to enhance factual grounding and reduce hallucination. Yet, its reliance on retrieval exposes MLLMs to knowledge poisoning attacks,…

Deep learning models are susceptible to adversarial examples that have imperceptible perturbations in the original input, resulting in adversarial attacks against these models. Analysis of these attacks on the state of the art transformers…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-01-22 Vijit Malik , Ashwani Bhat , Ashutosh Modi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a core technology for tasks such as question-answering (QA) and content generation. RAG poisoning is an attack method to induce LLMs to generate…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Meng Xi , Sihan Lv , Yechen Jin , Guanjie Cheng , Naibo Wang , Ying Li , Jianwei Yin