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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

Membership Inference attacks (MIAs) aim to predict whether a data sample was present in the training data of a machine learning model or not, and are widely used for assessing the privacy risks of language models. Most existing attacks rely…

The ongoing intense discussion on rising LLM usage in the scientific peer-review process has recently been mingled by reports of authors using hidden prompt injections to manipulate review scores. Since the existence of such "attacks" -…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Janis Keuper

Large Language Models (LLMs) utilize large amounts of data for their training, some of which may come from copyrighted sources. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) aim to detect those documents and whether they have been included in the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Juliusz Janicki , Savvas Chamezopoulos , Evangelos Kanoulas , Georgios Tsatsaronis

Peer review remains the central quality-control mechanism of science, yet its ability to fulfill this role is increasingly strained. Empirical studies document serious shortcomings: long publication delays, escalating reviewer burden…

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by OpenAI's ChatGPT, brings to the forefront the imperative to defend against adversarial threats on these models. These attacks, which manipulate an LLM's output by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Amelia Kawasaki , Andrew Davis , Houssam Abbas

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly employ guardrails to enforce ethical, legal, and application-specific constraints on their outputs. While effective at mitigating harmful responses, these guardrails introduce a new class of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Hongwei Yao , Yun Xia , Shuo Shao , Haoran Shi , Tong Qiao , Cong Wang

The fast advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) are driving an increasing number of applications. Together with the growing number of users, we also see an increasing number of attackers who try to outsmart these systems. They want…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Patrick Levi , Christoph P. Neumann

Large language models play a crucial role in modern natural language processing technologies. However, their extensive use also introduces potential security risks, such as the possibility of black-box attacks. These attacks can embed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Daniil Khomsky , Narek Maloyan , Bulat Nutfullin

Large language model (LLM) systems increasingly power everyday AI applications such as chatbots, computer-use assistants, and autonomous robots, where performance often depends on manually well-crafted prompts. LLM-based prompt optimizers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Andrew Zhao , Reshmi Ghosh , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Keegan Hines , Gao Huang , Jack W. Stokes

While large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in providing trustworthy responses for knowledge-intensive tasks, they still face critical limitations such as hallucinations and outdated knowledge. To address these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Zizhong Li , Haopeng Zhang , Jiawei Zhang

The growing ubiquity of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in several real-world services triggers severe concerns about their security. A RAG system improves the generative capabilities of a Large Language Models (LLM) by a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Christian Di Maio , Cristian Cosci , Marco Maggini , Valentina Poggioni , Stefano Melacci

The increasing integration of Large Language Model (LLM) based search engines has transformed the landscape of information retrieval. However, these systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, especially ranking manipulation attacks,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Xiyang Hu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems can effectively mitigate the hallucination problem of large language models (LLMs),but they also possess inherent vulnerabilities. Identifying these weaknesses before the large-scale real-world…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Hongru Song , Yu-an Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan

Deep learning underpins most of the currently advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as textual classification, neural machine translation (NMT), abstractive summarization and question-answering (QA). However, the robustness…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Jiyao Li , Mingze Ni , Yongshun Gong , Wei Liu

Research in adversarial machine learning (AML) has shown that statistical models are vulnerable to maliciously altered data. However, despite advances in Bayesian machine learning models, most AML research remains concentrated on classical…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-06-04 Matthieu Carreau , Roi Naveiro , William N. Caballero

Large Language Models (LLMs), which bridge the gap between human language understanding and complex problem-solving, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot settings. Despite the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Shuai Zhao , Meihuizi Jia , Zhongliang Guo , Leilei Gan , Xiaoyu Xu , Xiaobao Wu , Jie Fu , Yichao Feng , Fengjun Pan , Luu Anh Tuan

The rapid progress of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies has led to the widespread availability and effectiveness of text generation tools such as ChatGPT and Claude. While highly useful, these technologies also pose significant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Chao Zhou , Cheng Qiu , Lizhen Liang , Daniel E. Acuna

Recent work has demonstrated the vulnerability of modern text classifiers to universal adversarial attacks, which are input-agnostic sequences of words added to text processed by classifiers. Despite being successful, the word sequences…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-09 Liwei Song , Xinwei Yu , Hsuan-Tung Peng , Karthik Narasimhan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are valuable for text classification, but their vulnerabilities must not be disregarded. They lack robustness against adversarial examples, so it is pertinent to understand the impacts of different types of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 João Vitorino , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça
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