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Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Bard, have revolutionized natural language understanding and generation. They possess deep language comprehension, human-like text generation capabilities, contextual awareness, and robust…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Yifan Yao , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Yuanfang Cai , Zhibo Sun , Yue Zhang

The tasks of out-of-domain (OOD) intent discovery and generalized intent discovery (GID) aim to extend a closed intent classifier to open-world intent sets, which is crucial to task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems. Previous methods address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Xiaoshuai Song , Keqing He , Pei Wang , Guanting Dong , Yutao Mou , Jingang Wang , Yunsen Xian , Xunliang Cai , Weiran Xu

To demonstrate and address the underlying maliciousness, we propose a theoretical hypothesis and analytical approach, and introduce a new black-box jailbreak attack methodology named IntentObfuscator, exploiting this identified flaw by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-08 Shang Shang , Xinqiang Zhao , Zhongjiang Yao , Yepeng Yao , Liya Su , Zijing Fan , Xiaodan Zhang , Zhengwei Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in cybersecurity applications but have also caused lower confidence due to problems like hallucinations and a lack of truthfulness. Existing benchmarks provide general evaluations but…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in various intelligent tasks but still struggle with complex action reasoning tasks that require systematic search. To address this limitation, we propose a method that bridges the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

Extended interaction with large language models (LLMs) has been linked to the reinforcement of delusional beliefs, a phenomenon attracting growing clinical and public concern. Yet most empirical work evaluates model safety in brief…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Luke Nicholls , Robert Hutto , Zephrah Soto , Hamilton Morrin , Thomas Pollak , Raj Korpan , Cheryl Carmichael

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications, from virtual assistants to autonomous agents. However, their flexibility also introduces new attack vectors-particularly Prompt Injection (PI), where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Mengxiao Wang , Yuxuan Zhang , Guofei Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence and machine learning through their advanced text processing and generating capabilities. However, their widespread deployment has raised significant safety and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Jing Cui , Yishi Xu , Zhewei Huang , Shuchang Zhou , Jianbin Jiao , Junge Zhang

LLM-enabled applications are rapidly reshaping the software ecosystem by using large language models as core reasoning components for complex task execution. This paradigm shift, however, introduces fundamentally new reliability challenges…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yedi Zhang , Haoyu Wang , Xianglin Yang , Jin Song Dong , Jun Sun

The increasing popularity of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has led to growing concerns about their safety, security risks, and ethical implications. This paper aims to provide an overview of the different types of security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Erik Derner , Kristina Batistič

Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, DeepSeek and Gemini seem to be increasingly used for knowledge discovery, information retrieval, and knowledge summaries, including for academic topics. This can result in users being misled, such…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Mike Thelwall

In high-conflict mixed-traffic scenarios involving human-driven and autonomous vehicles, most existing autonomous driving systems default to overly conservative behaviors, lack proactive interaction, and consequently suffer from limited…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Xinwei Dong , Jiyang Li , Jiabin Xie , Yang Yi , Tianshang Jia , Shiyu Fang , Ye Tian , Peng Hang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements have enabled the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) that can perform a variety of tasks with remarkable semantic understanding and accuracy. ChatGPT is one such LLM that has gained…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 M. Mehdi Kholoosi , M. Ali Babar , Roland Croft

Large audio-language models (LALMs) extend text-based LLMs with auditory understanding, offering new opportunities for multimodal applications. While their perception, reasoning, and task performance have been widely studied, their safety…

Large language models (LLMs) are expected to follow instructions from users and engage in conversations. Techniques to enhance LLMs' instruction-following capabilities typically fine-tune them using data structured according to a predefined…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Fengqing Jiang , Zhangchen Xu , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Radha Poovendran

This paper presents a systematic evaluation of Large Language Models' (LLMs) behavior on long-tail distributed (encrypted) texts and their safety implications. We introduce a two-dimensional framework for assessing LLM safety: (1)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Utsav Maskey , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Current research on operator control of Large Language Models improves model robustness against adversarial attacks and misbehavior by training on preference examples, prompting, and input/output filtering. Despite good results, LLMs remain…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Thomas Rivasseau

Fine-tuning a general-purpose large language model (LLM) for a specific domain or task has become a routine procedure for ordinary users. However, fine-tuning is known to remove the safety alignment features of the model, even when the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Kathleen C. Fraser , Hillary Dawkins , Isar Nejadgholi , Svetlana Kiritchenko

We investigate the extent to which contemporary Large Language Models (LLMs) can engage in exploration, a core capability in reinforcement learning and decision making. We focus on native performance of existing LLMs, without training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Keegan Harris , Dylan J. Foster , Cyril Zhang , Aleksandrs Slivkins

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li