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Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with deductive judgment in syllogistic reasoning, systematically conflating semantic plausibility with formal validity a phenomenon known as content effect. This bias persists even when models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Gabriele Maraia , Marco Valentino , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Leonardo Ranaldi

This paper assesses the potential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as assistive tools in the creative writing process, by means of a single, in-depth case study. In the course of the study, we develop interactive and multi-voice…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Murray Shanahan , Catherine Clarke

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities across a broad range of language-related tasks, including generating solutions to complex reasoning problems. An effective technique to enhance LLM performance is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Shuzhang Cai , Twumasi Mensah-Boateng , Xander Kuksov , Jing Yuan , Shaojie Tang

Language models (LLMs) offer potential as a source of knowledge for agents that need to acquire new task competencies within a performance environment. We describe efforts toward a novel agent capability that can construct cues (or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , Peter Lindes , John E. Laird

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to their widespread use across a broad spectrum of tasks including decision making. Prior studies have compared the decision making abilities of LLMs with those of humans from a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-01 Manikanta Loya , Divya Anand Sinha , Richard Futrell

Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

The active research topic of prompt engineering makes it evident that LLMs are sensitive to small changes in prompt wording. A portion of this can be ascribed to the inductive bias that is present in the LLM. By using an LLM's output as a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Christian M. Angel , Francis Ferraro

Active Learning (AL) has been a powerful paradigm for improving model efficiency and performance by selecting the most informative data points for labeling and training. In recent active learning frameworks, Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Automated essay scoring (AES) predicts multiple rubric-defined trait scores for each essay, where each trait follows an ordered discrete rating scale. Most LLM-based AES methods cast scoring as autoregressive token generation and obtain the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Han Zhang , Jiamin Su , Li liu

The "LLM-as-a-Judge" paradigm, using Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated evaluators, is pivotal to LLM development, offering scalable feedback for complex tasks. However, the reliability of these judges is compromised by various…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Qingquan Li , Shaoyu Dou , Kailai Shao , Chao Chen , Haixiang Hu

Emotional intelligence significantly impacts our daily behaviors and interactions. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly viewed as a stride toward artificial general intelligence, exhibiting impressive performance in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Cheng Li , Jindong Wang , Yixuan Zhang , Kaijie Zhu , Wenxin Hou , Jianxun Lian , Fang Luo , Qiang Yang , Xing Xie

As the importance of comprehensive evaluation in workshop courses increases, there is a growing demand for efficient and fair assessment methods that reduce the workload for faculty members. This paper presents an evaluation conducted with…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Toru Ishida , Tongxi Liu , Hailong Wang , William K. Cheung

Automated essay scoring (AES) involves predicting a score that reflects the writing quality of an essay. Most existing AES systems produce only a single overall score. However, users and L2 learners expect scores across different dimensions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Kun Sun , Rong Wang

Recent advances in cross-prompt automated essay scoring (AES) typically train models jointly on all source prompts, often requiring additional access to unlabeled target prompt essays simultaneously. However, using all sources is suboptimal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Sanwoo Lee , Kun Liang , Yunfang Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) challenge the validity of traditional open-ended assessments by blurring the lines of authorship. While recent research has focused on the accuracy of automated scoring (AES), these static approaches fail to…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Tom Lee , Sihoon Lee , Seonghun Kim

In automated essay scoring (AES), recent efforts have shifted toward cross-prompt settings that score essays on unseen prompts for practical applicability. However, prior methods trained with essay-score pairs of specific prompts pose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Heejin Do , Taehee Park , Sangwon Ryu , Gary Geunbae Lee

Evaluating pragmatic reasoning in large language models (LLMs) remains challenging because model behavior can vary depending on evaluation methods. Previous studies suggest that prompt-based judgments may diverge from models' internal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Ye-eun Cho

In the era of generative artificial intelligence (AI), the fusion of large language models (LLMs) offers unprecedented opportunities for innovation in the field of modern education. We embark on an exploration of prompted LLMs within the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Subhankar Maity , Aniket Deroy , Sudeshna Sarkar