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Glucose homeostasis is controlled by the islets of Langerhans which are equipped with alpha-cells increasing the blood glucose level, beta-cells decreasing it, and delta-cells the precise role of which still needs identifying. Although…
Pancreatic islets are functional units involved in glucose homeostasis. The multicellular system comprises three main cell types; $\beta$ and $\alpha$ cells reciprocally decrease and increase blood glucose by producing insulin and glucagon…
Pancreatic islets, controlling glucose homeostasis, consist of \alpha, \beta, and \delta\ cells. It has been observed that \alpha\ and \beta\ cells generate out-of-phase synchronization in the release of glucagon and insulin,…
Pancreatic beta cells are coupled excitable oscillators that synchronize their activity via different communication pathways. Their oscillatory activity manifests itself on multiple timescales and consists of bursting electrical activity,…
Major part of a pancreatic islet is composed of beta cells that secrete insulin, a key hormone regulating influx of nutrients into all cells in a vertebrate organism to support nutrition, housekeeping or energy storage. Beta cells…
Cells of almost all solid tissues are connected with gap junctions which permit the direct transfer of ions and small molecules, integral to regulating coordinated function in the tissue. The pancreatic islets of Langerhans are responsible…
Counter-regulatory elements maintain dynamic equilibrium ubiquitously in living systems. The most prominent example, which is critical to mammalian survival, is that of pancreatic {\alpha} and {\beta} cells producing glucagon and insulin…
Beta cells in pancreas represent an example of coupled biological oscillators which via communication pathways, are able to synchronize their electrical activity, giving rise to pulsatile insulin release. In this work we numerically analyze…
Pancreatic $\beta-$cells regulate insulin secretion through complex oscillations, which are vital for glucose control and diabetes research. In this paper, an existing mathematical model of $\beta-$cell dynamics is analyzed using a…
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a challenging metabolic disorder characterized by a substantial loss of $\beta$-cell mass and alteration of $\beta$-cell function in the islets of Langerhans, disrupting insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis.…
Calcium signals in pancreatic beta-cells collectives show a sharp transition from uncorrelated to correlated state resembling a phase transition as the slowly increasing glucose concentration crosses the tipping point. However, the exact…
A variety of oscillations are observed in pancreatic islets.We establish a model, incorporating two oscillatory systems of different time scales: One is the well-known bursting model in pancreatic beta-cells and the other is the…
The cooperative dynamics of cellular populations emerging from the underlying interactions determines cellular functions, and thereby their identity in tissues. Global deviations from this dynamics on the other hand reflects pathological…
We investigate intercellular insulin dynamics in an array of diffusively coupled pancreatic islet \b{eta}-cells. The cells are connected via gap junction coupling, where nearest neighbor interactions are included. Through the multiple scale…
Diabetes is a civilization chronic disease characterized by a constant elevated concentration of glucose in the blood. Many processes are involved in the glucose regulation, and their interactions are very complex. To better understand…
Even within small organs like pancreatic islets, different endocrine cell types and subtypes form a heterogeneous collective to sense the chemical composition of the extracellular solution and compute an adequate hormonal output. Erroneous…
Maintenance of adequate physical and functional pancreatic $\beta$-cell mass is critical for the prevention or delay of diabetes mellitus. It is well established that insulin potently activates mitogenic and anti-apoptotic signaling…
Metabolic oscillations in single cells underlie the mechanisms behind cell synchronization and cell-cell communication. For example, glycolytic oscillations mediated by biochemical communication between cells may synchronize the pulsatile…
$\beta$-cells are biologically essential for humans and other vertebrates. Because their functionality arises from cell-cell interactions, they are also a model system for collective organization among cells. There are currently two…
Gap-junctional coupling is an important way of communication between neurons and other excitable cells. Strong electrical coupling synchronizes activity across cell ensembles. Surprisingly, in the presence of noise synchronous oscillations…