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Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal understanding and generation tasks. However, these models occasionally generate hallucinatory texts, resulting in descriptions that seem reasonable…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in visual understanding tasks, yet they often suffer from object hallucinations--generating descriptions of objects that are inconsistent with or entirely absent…

An adaptive multiexpert mixture of feedback causal models can approximate missing or phantom nodes in large-scale causal models. The result gives a scalable form of \emph{big knowledge}. The mixed model approximates a sampled dynamical…

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often hallucinate content that is fluent yet unsupported by the image, limiting their reliability in real-world deployment. We show that a key failure mode arises from route competition: even when visual…

Instruction-following Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) have achieved significant progress recently on a variety of tasks. These approaches merge strong pre-trained vision models and large language models (LLMs). Since these components…

Collision avoidance in the presence of dynamic obstacles in unknown environments is one of the most critical challenges for unmanned systems. In this paper, we present a method that identifies obstacles in terms of ellipsoids to estimate…

Large Language Models (LLMs), deep learning architectures with typically over 10 billion parameters, have recently begun to be integrated into various cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as robotics, industrial automation, and autopilot…

Cross-domain selection hyper-heuristics aim to distill decades of research on problem-specific heuristic search algorithms into adaptable general-purpose search strategies. In this respect, existing selection hyper-heuristics primarily…

Concerns regarding the propensity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce inaccurate outputs, also known as hallucinations, have escalated. Detecting them is vital for ensuring the reliability of applications relying on LLM-generated…

The generation of factually incorrect objects, commonly known as object hallucination, remains a persistent challenge in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Current approaches to address this issue - ranging from expensive data-driven…

In previous work, a Cooperative Receding Horizon (CRH) controller was developed for solving cooperative multi-agent problems in uncertain environments. In this paper, we overcome several limitations of this controller, including potential…

Change Point Detection (CPD) is a critical task in time series analysis, aiming to identify moments when the underlying data-generating process shifts. Traditional CPD methods often rely on unsupervised techniques, which lack adaptability…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the Natural Language Processing (NLP) landscape with their remarkable ability to understand and generate human-like text. However, these models are prone to ``hallucinations'' -- outputs that do…

Safety remains a central challenge in control of dynamical systems, particularly when the boundaries of unsafe sets are complex (e.g., nonconvex, nonsmooth) or unknown. This paper proposes a learning-enabled framework for safety-critical…

This work introduces a novel methodology for the automatic detection of hallucinations generated during large language model (LLM) inference. The proposed approach is based on a systematic taxonomy and controlled reproduction of diverse…

Despite the promising progress in multi-modal tasks, current large multi-modal models (LMMs) are prone to hallucinating inconsistent descriptions with respect to the associated image and human instructions. This paper addresses this issue…

Hallucination remains a major challenge for Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has gained increasing attention as a simple solution to hallucination issues. It directly learns from constructed…

Weakly-supervised vision-language (V-L) pre-training (W-VLP) aims at learning cross-modal alignment with little or no paired data, such as aligned images and captions. Recent W-VLP methods, which pair visual features with object tags, help…

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently generate plausible but non-factual content, a phenomenon known as hallucination. While existing detection methods typically rely on computationally expensive sampling-based consistency checks or…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant popularity for their impressive performance across diverse fields. However, LLMs are prone to hallucinate untruthful or nonsensical outputs that fail to meet user expectations in many…