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Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention but also raised concerns due to the risk of misuse. Jailbreak prompts, a popular type of adversarial attack towards LLMs, have appeared and constantly evolved to breach the…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Zhihua Jin , Shiyi Liu , Haotian Li , Xun Zhao , Huamin Qu

Security alignment enables the Large Language Model (LLM) to gain the protection against malicious queries, but various jailbreak attack methods reveal the vulnerability of this security mechanism. Previous studies have isolated LLM…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Xiaohu Li , Yunfeng Ning , Zepeng Bao , Mayi Xu , Jianhao Chen , Tieyun Qian

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), jailbreak attacks have become an increasingly pressing safety concern. While safety-aligned LLMs can effectively defend against normal harmful queries, they remain vulnerable to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Yu Li , Han Jiang , Zhihua Wei

With the rapid advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), securing these models against malicious inputs while aligning them with human values has emerged as a critical challenge. In this paper, we investigate an important…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Weidi Luo , Siyuan Ma , Xiaogeng Liu , Xiaoyu Guo , Chaowei Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements across various tasks, but their safety alignment remain a major concern. Exploring jailbreak prompts can expose LLMs' vulnerabilities and guide efforts to secure them. Existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Xiaoning Dong , Wenbo Hu , Wei Xu , Tianxing He

As the scale and complexity of jailbreaking attacks on large language models (LLMs) continue to escalate, their efficiency and practical applicability are constrained, posing a profound challenge to LLM security. Jailbreaking techniques…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Xiang Li , Chong Zhang , Jia Wang , Fangyu Wu , Yushi Li , Xiaobo Jin

Large vision-language models (VLMs) are highly vulnerable to multimodal jailbreak attacks that exploit visual-textual interactions to bypass safety guardrails. In this paper, we present DTR, a novel inference-time defense that mitigates…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Tanqiu Jiang , Jiacheng Liang , Rongyi Zhu , Jiawei Zhou , Fenglong Ma , Ting Wang

Large Audio-language Models (LAMs) have recently enabled powerful speech-based interactions by coupling audio encoders with Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the security of LAMs under adversarial attacks remains underexplored,…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Hongyi Li , Chengxuan Zhou , Chu Wang , Sicheng Liang , Yanting Chen , Qinlin Xie , Jiawei Ye , Jie Wu

Typically a classifier trained on a given dataset (source domain) does not performs well if it is tested on data acquired in a different setting (target domain). This is the problem that domain adaptation (DA) tries to overcome and, while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-08-01 Silvia Bucci , Mohammad Reza Loghmani , Barbara Caputo

Jailbreaking large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a pressing concern with the increasing prevalence and accessibility of conversational LLMs. Adversarial users often exploit these models through carefully engineered prompts to elicit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Sri Durga Sai Sowmya Kadali , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which are adversarial prompts that bypass alignment constraints and induce unauthorized or harmful behaviors. These vulnerabilities undermine the safety,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Javad Forough , Mohammad Maheri , Hamed Haddadi

Despite inheriting security measures from underlying language models, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) may still be vulnerable to safety alignment issues. Through empirical analysis, we uncover two critical findings: scenario-matched images…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Shuyang Hao , Bryan Hooi , Jun Liu , Kai-Wei Chang , Zi Huang , Yujun Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks where adversarial prompts elicit harmful outputs. Yet most evaluations focus on single-turn interactions while real-world attacks unfold through adaptive multi-turn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Aashray Reddy , Andrew Zagula , Nicholas Saban

Recent work showed Best-of-N (BoN) jailbreaking using repeated use of random augmentations (such as capitalization, punctuation, etc) is effective against all major large language models (LLMs). We have found that $100\%$ of the BoN paper's…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Stuart Armstrong , Matija Franklin , Connor Stevens , Rebecca Gorman

Recently, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have been integrated into many real-world applications like Code Copilot. These applications have significantly expanded the attack surface of LLMs, exposing them to a variety of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Zhibo Wang , Feng Xiao , Rui Zheng , Yunhe Feng , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained with safety alignment to prevent generating malicious content. Although some attacks have highlighted vulnerabilities in these safety-aligned LLMs, they typically have limitations, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Jesson Wang , Zhanhao Hu , David Wagner

Jailbreak attacks pose significant threats to large language models (LLMs), enabling attackers to bypass safeguards. However, existing reactive defense approaches struggle to keep up with the rapidly evolving multi-turn jailbreaks, where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Siyuan Li , Xi Lin , Jun Wu , Zehao Liu , Haoyu Li , Tianjie Ju , Xiang Chen , Jianhua Li

Recent studies reveal that vision-language models (VLMs) become more susceptible to harmful requests and jailbreak attacks after integrating the vision modality, exhibiting greater vulnerability than their text-only LLM backbones. To…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Xiaohan Zou , Jian Kang , George Kesidis , Lu Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely utilized to perform complex robotic tasks. However, handling external disturbances during tasks is still an open challenge. This paper proposes a novel method to achieve robotic adaptive tasks…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Haotian Zhou , Yunhan Lin , Longwu Yan , Jihong Zhu , Huasong Min

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, which can elicit harmful responses from MLLMs. Many MLLMs support multi-image inputs, inadvertently introducing new vulnerabilities due to less efforts on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Wenzhuo Xu , Zhipeng Wei , Zonghao Ying , Deyue Zhang , Dongdong Yang , Xiangzheng Zhang , Quanchen Zou