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Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet their high computational demands pose significant challenges for real-time inference, especially in multi-user server speculative decoding and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Phuong Tran , Tzu-Hao Liu , Long Tan Le , Tung-Anh Nguyen , Van Quan La , Eason Yu , Han Shu , Choong Seon Hong , Nguyen H. Tran

Proteins are complex biomolecules that perform a variety of crucial functions within living organisms. Designing and generating novel proteins can pave the way for many future synthetic biology applications, including drug discovery.…

We review the recent progress in computational approaches to protein design which builds on advances in statistical-mechanical protein folding theory. In particular, we evaluate the degeneracy of the protein code (i.e. how many sequences…

凝聚态物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 E. I. Shakhnovich

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential in advancing natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but their sequential token generation limits inference speed. Multi-Draft Speculative Decoding (MDSD) offers a promising solution by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Ryan Sun , Tianyi Zhou , Xun Chen , Lichao Sun

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate the rising computational costs of large language models (LLMs) by selectively activating parameters. However, its high memory requirements and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Jehyeon Bang , Eunyeong Cho , Ranggi Hwang , Jinha Chung , Minsoo Rhu

We propose a novel speculative decoding method tailored for multi-sample reasoning scenarios, such as self-consistency and Best-of-N sampling. Our method exploits the intrinsic consensus of parallel generation paths to synthesize…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Yiwei Li , Jiayi Shi , Shaoxiong Feng , Peiwen Yuan , Xinglin Wang , Yueqi Zhang , Ji Zhang , Chuyi Tan , Boyuan Pan , Yao Hu , Kan Li

Modern web applications--from real-time content recommendation and dynamic pricing to CDN optimization--increasingly rely on time-series forecasting to deliver personalized experiences to billions of users. Large-scale Transformer-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Pranav Subbaraman , Fang Sun , Yue Yao , Huacong Tang , Xiao Luo , Yizhou Sun

Speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as a method to accelerate LLM inference without sacrificing any accuracy over the 16-bit model inference. In a typical SD setup, the idea is to use a full-precision, small, fast model as "draft" to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Evangelos Georganas , Dhiraj Kalamkar , Alexander Kozlov , Alexander Heinecke

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by letting a small drafter propose multiple tokens which a large target model verifies once per speculation step. As vocabularies scale past 10e5 tokens,verification cost in the target model is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Jinbin Zhang , Nasib Ullah , Erik Schultheis , Rohit Babbar

Fine-tuning Pre-trained protein language models (PLMs) has emerged as a prominent strategy for enhancing downstream prediction tasks, often outperforming traditional supervised learning approaches. As a widely applied powerful technique in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Yang Tan , Mingchen Li , Bingxin Zhou , Bozitao Zhong , Lirong Zheng , Pan Tan , Ziyi Zhou , Huiqun Yu , Guisheng Fan , Liang Hong

Inference acceleration of large language models (LLMs) has been put forward in many application scenarios and speculative decoding has shown its advantage in addressing inference acceleration. Speculative decoding usually introduces a draft…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Zhuofan Wen , Shangtong Gui , Yang Feng

Proteins perform critical processes in all living systems: converting solar energy into chemical energy, replicating DNA, as the basis of highly performant materials, sensing and much more. While an incredible range of functionality has…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2021-09-29 Leonardo V. Castorina , Rokas Petrenas , Kartic Subr , Christopher W. Wood

Speculative decoding accelerates inference in large language models (LLMs) by generating draft tokens for target model verification. Current approaches for obtaining draft tokens rely on lightweight draft models or additional model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Guofeng Quan , Wenfeng Feng , Chuzhan Hao , Guochao Jiang , Yuewei Zhang , Hao Wang

Autoregressive decoding inherently limits the inference throughput of Large Language Model (LLM) due to its sequential dependency. Speculative decoding mitigates this by verifying multiple predicted tokens in parallel, but its efficiency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Siran Liu , Yang Ye , Qianchao Zhu , Zane Cao , Yongchao He

Sequence generative models are transforming protein engineering. However, no principled framework exists for conditioning these models on auxiliary information, such as experimental data, without additional training of a generative model.…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) can now process extremely long contexts, efficient inference over these extended inputs has become increasingly important, especially for emerging applications like LLM agents that highly depend on this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Penghui Yang , Cunxiao Du , Fengzhuo Zhang , Haonan Wang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Bo An

Autoregressive (AR) decoding is a major latency bottleneck for large language models. Speculative decoding (SD) accelerates AR by letting a drafter propose multi-token blocks that a verifier accepts or rejects. However, many SD systems…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Shrenik Bhansali , Larry Heck

We propose an acceleration scheme for large language models (LLMs) through Speculative Decoding with Semantic Adaptive Tokens (SDSAT). The primary objective of this design is to enhance the LLM model's ability to generate draft tokens more…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Chengbo Liu , Yong Zhu

Representation learning is a critical ingredient for natural language processing systems. Recent Transformer language models like BERT learn powerful textual representations, but these models are targeted towards token- and sentence-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-21 Arman Cohan , Sergey Feldman , Iz Beltagy , Doug Downey , Daniel S. Weld

Speculative decoding (SD), where an extra draft model is employed to provide multiple draft tokens first, and then the original target model verifies these tokens in parallel, has shown great power for LLM inference acceleration. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Tianyu Liu , Yun Li , Qitan Lv , Kai Liu , Jianchen Zhu , Winston Hu , Xiao Sun