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Phishing websites distribute unsolicited content and are frequently used to commit email and internet fraud; detecting them before any user information is submitted is critical. Several efforts have been made to detect these phishing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Chidimma Opara , Yingke Chen , Bo. wei

Email phishing is one of the most prevalent and globally consequential vectors of cyber intrusion. As systems increasingly deploy Large Language Models (LLMs) applications, these systems face evolving phishing email threats that exploit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Najmul Hasan , Prashanth BusiReddyGari , Haitao Zhao , Yihao Ren , Jinsheng Xu , Shaohu Zhang

In this research, we aim to explore the potential of natural language models (NLMs) such as GPT-3 and GPT-2 to generate effective phishing emails. Phishing emails are fraudulent messages that aim to trick individuals into revealing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-03 Rabimba Karanjai

Malicious URLs remain a primary vector for phishing, malware, and cyberthreats. This study proposes a hybrid deep learning framework combining \texttt{HashingVectorizer} n-gram analysis, SMOTE balancing, Isolation Forest anomaly filtering,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Berkani Khaled , Zeraoulia Rafik

Recently, we can observe a significant increase of the phishing attacks in the Internet. In a typical phishing attack, the attacker sets up a malicious website that looks similar to the legitimate website in order to obtain the end-users'…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Zijiang Yang

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect phishing emails is primarily dependent on large-scale centralized datasets, which opens it up to a myriad of privacy, trust, and legal issues. Moreover, organizations are loathed to share…

The escalating threat of phishing emails has become increasingly sophisticated with the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs). As attackers exploit LLMs to craft more convincing and evasive phishing emails, it is crucial to assess the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-22 Khalifa Afane , Wenqi Wei , Ying Mao , Junaid Farooq , Juntao Chen

Phishing attacks are among emerging security issues that recently draws significant attention in the cyber security community. There are numerous existing approaches for phishing URL detection. However, malicious URL detection is still a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Pingfan Xu

Phishing attacks are one of the trending cyber attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are communicated to people from professional hackers aiming at fooling users to reveal their sensitive information, the most popular…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-08-09 Adwan Yasin , Abdelmunem Abuhasan

Targeted phishing emails are on the rise and facilitate the theft of billions of dollars from organizations a year. While malicious signals from attached files or malicious URLs in emails can be detected by conventional malware signatures…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-08 Younghoo Lee , Joshua Saxe , Richard Harang

Large language models(LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on many natural language processing(NLP) tasks and have been employed in phishing email detection research. However, in current studies, well-performing LLMs typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Zijie Lin , Zikang Liu , Hanbo Fan

Phishing attacks have become a serious and challenging issue for detection, explanation, and defense. Despite more than a decade of research on phishing, encompassing both technical and non-technical remedies, phishing continues to be a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-18 Van Nguyen , Tingmin Wu , Xingliang Yuan , Marthie Grobler , Surya Nepal , Carsten Rudolph

Phishing email detection faces significant challenges due to evolving adversarial tactics and heterogeneous attack patterns. Traditional approaches, such as rule-based filters and denylists, often struggle to keep pace, leading to missed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yinuo Xue , Eric Spero , Meng Wai Woo , Wei Gao , Giovanni Russello

Phishing attacks are one of the most common social engineering attacks targeting users emails to fraudulently steal confidential and sensitive information. They can be used as a part of more massive attacks launched to gain a foothold in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-01-27 Fatima Salahdine , Zakaria El Mrabet , Naima Kaabouch

Identifying deceptive content like phishing emails demands sophisticated cognitive processes that combine pattern recognition, confidence assessment, and contextual analysis. This research examines how human cognition and machine learning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Paras Jain , Khushi Dhar , Olyemi E. Amujo , Esa M. Rantanen

The current generation of large language models produces sophisticated social-engineering content that bypasses standard text screening systems in business communication platforms. Our proposed solution for mail gateway and endpoint…

In recent years, Cyber attacks have increased in number, and with them, the intensity of the attacks and their potential to damage the user have also increased significantly. In an ever-advancing world, users find it difficult to keep up…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-22 Latesh G. Malik , Rohini Shambharkar , Shivam Morey , Shubhlak Kanpate , Vedika Raut

With the rapid development of large language models, the potential threat of their malicious use, particularly in generating phishing content, is becoming increasingly prevalent. Leveraging the capabilities of LLMs, malicious users can…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-10 Yan Pang , Wenlong Meng , Xiaojing Liao , Tianhao Wang

Phishing is a cybercrime in which individuals are deceived into revealing personal information, often resulting in financial loss. These attacks commonly occur through fraudulent messages, misleading advertisements, and compromised…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Aseer Al Faisal

The ever-evolving ways attacker continues to im prove their phishing techniques to bypass existing state-of-the-art phishing detection methods pose a mountain of challenges to researchers in both industry and academia research due to the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Tosin Ige , Christopher Kiekintveld , Aritran Piplai