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Converging evidence suggests that human systems of semantic categories achieve near-optimal compression via the Information Bottleneck (IB) complexity-accuracy tradeoff. Large language models (LLMs) are not trained for this objective, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Nathaniel Imel , Noga Zaslavsky

Despite advancements, fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) remains costly due to the extensive parameter count and substantial data requirements for model generalization. Accessibility to computing resources remains a barrier for the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Ayrton San Joaquin , Bin Wang , Zhengyuan Liu , Nicholas Asher , Brian Lim , Philippe Muller , Nancy F. Chen

Human image animation has witnessed significant advancements, yet generating high-fidelity hand motions remains a persistent challenge due to their high degrees of freedom and motion complexity. While reinforcement learning from human…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Yuanzhi Wang , Xuhua Ren , Jiaxiang Cheng , Bing Ma , Kai Yu , Tianxiang Zheng , Qinglin Lu , Zhen Cui

Text classification is a crucial task encountered frequently in practical scenarios, yet it is still under-explored in the era of large language models (LLMs). This study shows that LLMs are vulnerable to changes in the number and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Zhenyi Lu , Jie Tian , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Wenfeng xie , Dangyang Chen

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences remains a key challenge in AI. Preference-based optimization methods, such as Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xuan Qi , Jiahao Qiu , Xinzhe Juan , Yue Wu , Mengdi Wang

We study the post-training of large language models (LLMs) with human preference data. Recently, direct preference optimization and its variants have shown considerable promise in aligning language models, eliminating the need for reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Teng Xiao , Zhen Ge , Sujay Sanghavi , Tian Wang , Julian Katz-Samuels , Marc Versage , Qingjun Cui , Trishul Chilimbi

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), aligning LLMs with human values and societal norms to ensure their reliability and safety has become crucial. Reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) and Constitutional…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Xiusi Chen , Hongzhi Wen , Sreyashi Nag , Chen Luo , Qingyu Yin , Ruirui Li , Zheng Li , Wei Wang

Fine-grained control over large language models (LLMs) remains a significant challenge, hindering their adaptability to diverse user needs. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) shows promise in aligning LLMs, its reliance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-07 Haoxiang Wang , Yong Lin , Wei Xiong , Rui Yang , Shizhe Diao , Shuang Qiu , Han Zhao , Tong Zhang

Large vision language models (LVLMs) integrate large language models (LLMs) with pre-trained vision encoders, thereby activating the perception capability of the model to understand image inputs for different queries and conduct subsequent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Yihe Deng , Pan Lu , Fan Yin , Ziniu Hu , Sheng Shen , Quanquan Gu , James Zou , Kai-Wei Chang , Wei Wang

Inference-time alignment enables large language models (LLMs) to generate outputs aligned with end-user preferences without further training. Recent post-training methods achieve this by using small guidance models to modify token…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Sarat Chandra Bobbili , Ujwal Dinesha , Dheeraj Narasimha , Srinivas Shakkottai

Fine-tuning LLM-based text embedders via contrastive learning maps inputs and outputs into a new representational space, discarding the LLM's output semantics. We propose LLM2Vec-Gen, a self-supervised alternative that instead produces…

Recent advancements in AI alignment techniques have significantly improved the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with static human preferences. However, the dynamic nature of human preferences can render some prior training data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Han Zhang , Zhuo Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yuanzhao Zhai , Hanyang Peng , Yu Lei , Yue Yu , Hui Wang , Bin Liang , Lin Gui , Ruifeng Xu

A fundamental question in applying In-Context Learning (ICL) for tabular data classification is how to determine the ideal number of demonstrations in the prompt. This work addresses this challenge by presenting an algorithm to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Shuchu Han , Wolfgang Bruckner

Recent advancements in open-source multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have primarily focused on enhancing foundational capabilities, leaving a significant gap in human preference alignment. This paper introduces OmniAlign-V, a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Xiangyu Zhao , Shengyuan Ding , Zicheng Zhang , Haian Huang , Maosong Cao , Weiyun Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Xinyu Fang , Wenhai Wang , Guangtao Zhai , Haodong Duan , Hua Yang , Kai Chen

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are currently state-of-the-art for solving the vast majority of natural language processing tasks. While many real-world applications still require fine-tuning to reach satisfactory levels of…

Long-context models(LCMs) have shown great potential in processing long input sequences(even more than 100M tokens) conveniently and effectively. With significant progress, recent research has pointed out that LCMs can accurately locate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Zecheng Tang , Zechen Sun , Juntao Li , Qiaoming Zhu , Min Zhang

Recent researches of large language models(LLM), which is pre-trained on massive general-purpose corpora, have achieved breakthroughs in responding human queries. However, these methods face challenges including limited data insufficiency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Yiming Zhang , Zheng Chang , Wentao Cai , MengXing Ren , Kang Yuan , Yining Sun , Zenghui Ding

Running LLMs with extended reasoning on every problem is expensive, but determining which inputs actually require additional compute remains challenging. We investigate whether their own likelihood of success is recoverable from their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 William Lugoloobi , Thomas Foster , William Bankes , Chris Russell

We present an experimental methodology for investigating how large language models (LLMs) respond to descriptions of their own internal processing patterns. Using a paired-choice paradigm, we tested 12 LLMs on their ability to identify…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Annika Hedberg

The emergence of large Vision Language Models (VLMs) has broadened the scope and capabilities of single-modal Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating visual modalities, thereby unlocking transformative cross-modal applications in a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Shuo Xing , Peiran Li , Yuping Wang , Ruizheng Bai , Yueqi Wang , Chan-Wei Hu , Chengxuan Qian , Huaxiu Yao , Zhengzhong Tu