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Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for learning control policies directly from high-dimensional state and observation. However, it tends to be data-inefficient, which is especially costly in robotic learning…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-10-14 Xubo Lyu , Mo Chen

Reward shaping is one of the most effective methods to tackle the crucial yet challenging problem of credit assignment in Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, designing shaping functions usually requires much expert knowledge and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-29 Haosheng Zou , Tongzheng Ren , Dong Yan , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently emerged as a promising framework for improving reasoning abilities in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, policy optimized with binary verification prone to overlook…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Jinghao Zhang , Naishan Zheng , Ruilin Li , Dongzhou Cheng , Zheming Liang , Feng Zhao , Jiaqi Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from sample inefficiency in sparse reward domains, and the problem is further pronounced in case of stochastic transitions. To improve the sample efficiency, reward shaping is a well-studied approach to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Siddhant Bhambri , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Durgesh Kalwar , Lin Guan , Huan Liu , Subbarao Kambhampati

Modern quantitative trading increasingly relies on systematic models to extract predictive signals from large-scale financial data, where alpha factor discovery plays a central role in transforming market observations into tradable signals.…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Yunpeng Zhai , Zixuan Xie , Chiming Duan , Minghua He , Philip S. Yu , Ying Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, yet traditional single-round retrieval struggles with complex multi-step reasoning. Agentic RAG addresses this by enabling LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Tianle Xia , Ming Xu , Lingxiang Hu , Yiding Sun , Wenwei Li , Linfang Shang , Liqun Liu , Peng Shu , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang

Reward models are central to both reinforcement learning (RL) with language models and inference-time verification. However, existing reward models often lack temporal consistency, leading to ineffective policy updates and unstable RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Dan Zhang , Min Cai , Jonathan Light , Ziniu Hu , Yisong Yue , Jie Tang

Unlike the standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) model, many real-world tasks are non-Markovian, whose rewards are predicated on state history rather than solely on the current state. Solving a non-Markovian task, frequently applied in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Ruixuan Miao , Xu Lu , Cong Tian , Bin Yu , Zhenhua Duan

Fine-tuning foundation models has emerged as a powerful approach for generating objects with specific desired properties. Reinforcement learning (RL) provides an effective framework for this purpose, enabling models to generate outputs that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Pouya M. Ghari , Simone Sciabola , Ye Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise for enhancing LLM agentic reasoning, yet sparse terminal rewards hinder fine-grained optimization. Process reward modeling offers an alternative but incurs high computational costs, reward hacking…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Xiao Feng , Bo Han , Zhanke Zhou , Jiaqi Fan , Jiangchao Yao , Ka Ho Li , Dahai Yu , Michael Kwok-Po Ng

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective tool for real-world recommender systems with its capacity to model the dynamic interest of users and its interactive nature. Most existing offline RL recommender systems focus on…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Yi Zhang , Ruihong Qiu , Jiajun Liu , Sen Wang

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) often undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to acquire tool use capabilities. However, SFT struggles to generalize to unfamiliar or complex tool use scenarios. Recent advancements in reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Qi He , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Heng Ji

We present AIRS: Automatic Intrinsic Reward Shaping that intelligently and adaptively provides high-quality intrinsic rewards to enhance exploration in reinforcement learning (RL). More specifically, AIRS selects shaping function from a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Mingqi Yuan , Bo Li , Xin Jin , Wenjun Zeng

Sparse rewards are a major bottleneck in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where simultaneous learning induces non-stationarity and makes reward design especially delicate. Reward shaping can accelerate learning, but in the…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Elie Abboud , Oren Gal

Reinforcement learning (RL), a common tool in decision making, learns control policies from various experiences based on the associated cumulative return/rewards without treating them differently. Humans, on the contrary, often learn to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Recent advances in multimodal reward modeling have been largely driven by a paradigm shift from discriminative to generative approaches. Building on this progress, recent studies have further employed reinforcement learning from verifiable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Chenglong Wang , Yifu Huo , Yang Gan , Qiaozhi He , Qi Meng , Bei Li , Yan Wang , Junfu Liu , Tianhua Zhou , Jingbo Zhu , Tong Xiao

The potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to deliver aligned and performant agents is partially bottlenecked by the reward engineering problem. One alternative to heuristic trial-and-error is preference-based RL (PbRL), where a reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-22 Tom Bewley , Freddy Lecue

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely adopted to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) on Text-to-SQL tasks. However, existing methods often rely on execution-based or LLM-based Bradley-Terry reward models. The…

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel at comprehending human instructions and demonstrate remarkable results across a broad spectrum of tasks. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and AI Feedback (RLAIF) further refine LLMs by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Ju-Seung Byun , Jiyun Chun , Jihyung Kil , Andrew Perrault

In the field of quantitative trading, it is common practice to transform raw historical stock data into indicative signals for the market trend. Such signals are called alpha factors. Alphas in formula forms are more interpretable and thus…

统计金融 · 定量金融 2023-06-23 Shuo Yu , Hongyan Xue , Xiang Ao , Feiyang Pan , Jia He , Dandan Tu , Qing He