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While scaling laws for large language models (LLMs) during pre-training have been extensively studied, their behavior under reinforcement learning (RL) post-training remains largely unexplored. This paper presents a systematic empirical…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown remarkable success in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Process-Supervised RL (PSRL) has emerged as a more effective paradigm compared to outcome-based RL. However,…

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Recent advancements in Chain of Thought (COT) generation have significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), with reinforcement learning (RL) emerging as an effective post-training approach. Multimodal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Yi Chen , Yuying Ge , Rui Wang , Yixiao Ge , Lu Qiu , Ying Shan , Xihui Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been found to have difficulty knowing they do not possess certain knowledge and tend to provide specious answers in such cases. Retrieval Augmentation (RA) has been extensively studied to mitigate LLMs'…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Shiyu Ni , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective approach for improving the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) system. However, due to its instability, successfully RL training is challenging,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-08-28 Lijun Wu , Fei Tian , Tao Qin , Jianhuang Lai , Tie-Yan Liu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven highly effective at enhancing the complex reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet underlying mechanisms driving this success remain largely opaque. Our analysis reveals that puzzling…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Haozhe Wang , Qixin Xu , Che Liu , Junhong Wu , Fangzhen Lin , Wenhu Chen

We propose QeRL, a Quantization-enhanced Reinforcement Learning framework for large language models (LLMs). While RL is essential for LLMs' reasoning capabilities, it is resource-intensive, requiring substantial GPU memory and long rollout…

This study delves into the capabilities and limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the challenging domain of conditional question-answering. Utilizing the Conditional Question Answering (CQA) dataset and focusing on generative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-05 Syed-Amad Hussain , Parag Pravin Dakle , SaiKrishna Rallabandi , Preethi Raghavan

Large language models (LLMs) show strong capabilities in general reasoning but typically lack reliability in scientific domains like quantum mechanics, which demand strict adherence to physical constraints. This limitation arises from the…

This paper presents a novel framework for enhancing reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) by leveraging iterative reasoning and feedback-driven methodologies. Building on the limitations identified in the SimpleBench…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Soham Sane , Angus McLean

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving large language models beyond supervised fine-tuning, yet sustaining performance gains at scale remains an open challenge, as data diversity and structure, rather…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Cansu Sancaktar , David Zhang , Gabriel Synnaeve , Taco Cohen

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have recently shown promise in solving complex math problems when optimized with Reinforcement Learning (RL). But conventional approaches rely on outcome-only rewards that provide sparse feedback, resulting in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Tao He , Rongchuan Mu , Lizi Liao , Yixin Cao , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across various mathematical reasoning benchmarks. However, there are increasing debates regarding whether these models truly understand and apply mathematical knowledge or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Qintong Li , Leyang Cui , Xueliang Zhao , Lingpeng Kong , Wei Bi

This study investigates whether repeating questions within prompts influences the performance of large language models (LLMs). We hypothesize that reiterating a question within a single prompt might enhance the model's focus on key elements…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Sagi Shaier , Mario Sanz-Guerrero , Katharina von der Wense

The rapid emergence of diverse large language models (LLMs) has spurred the development of LLM routers that assign user queries to the most suitable model. However, existing LLM routers typically perform a single-round, one-to-one mapping…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Haozhen Zhang , Tao Feng , Jiaxuan You

Different base language model families, such as Llama and Qwen, exhibit divergent behaviors during post-training with reinforcement learning (RL), especially on reasoning-intensive tasks. What makes a base language model suitable for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Zengzhi Wang , Fan Zhou , Xuefeng Li , Pengfei Liu

Recent successes of reinforcement learning (RL) in training large reasoning models motivate the question of whether self-training - the process where a model learns from its own judgments - can be sustained within RL. In this work, we study…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Sheikh Shafayat , Fahim Tajwar , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Jeff Schneider , Andrea Zanette

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong performance on Theory of Mind (ToM) tests, prompting debate about the nature and true performance of the underlying capabilities. At the same time, reasoning-oriented LLMs trained via…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Ian B. de Haan , Peter van der Putten , Max van Duijn

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) frequently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Xin Zhang , Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Ruizhong Miao , Zheng Wang , Dan Roth , Chenyang Li
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