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Reliable execution of large-scale quantum algorithms requires robust underlying operations and this challenge is addressed by quantum error correction (QEC). Most modern QEC protocols rely on measurements and feed-forward operations, which…

Logical qubits can be protected from decoherence by performing QEC cycles repeatedly. Algorithms for fault-tolerant QEC must be compiled to the specific hardware platform under consideration in order to practically realize a quantum memory…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Sascha Heußen , David F. Locher , Markus Müller

We show that universal quantum computation can be concretely made fault-tolerant without mid-circuit measurements. To this end, we introduce a measurement-free deformation protocol of the Bacon-Shor code to realize a logical $\mathit{CCZ}$…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-18 Stefano Veroni , Alexandru Paler , Giacomo Giudice

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Quantum computers can be protected from noise by encoding the logical quantum information redundantly into multiple qubits using error correcting codes. When manipulating the logical quantum states, it is imperative that errors caused by…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is considered a deciding component in enabling practical quantum computing. Stabilizer codes, and in particular topological surface codes, are promising candidates for implementing QEC by redundantly encoding…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-12 Josias Old , Stephan Tasler , Michael J. Hartmann , Markus Müller

Quantum computers promise dramatic speed ups for many computational tasks. For large-scale quantum computation however, the inevitable coupling of physical qubits to the noisy environment imposes a major challenge for a real-life…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-03-04 Alexander M. Goebel , Claudia Wagenknecht , Qiang Zhang , Yu-Ao Chen , Jian-Wei Pan

Large-scale universal quantum computing requires the implementation of quantum error correction (QEC). While the implementation of QEC has already been demonstrated for quantum memories, reliable quantum computing requires also the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-03-20 Jingfu Zhang , Raymond Laflamme , Dieter Suter

Geometric quantum computation offers a practical strategy toward robust quantum computation due to its inherently error tolerance. However, the rigorous geometric conditions lead to complex and/or error-disturbed quantum controls,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-07-28 Tao Chen , Zheng-Yuan Xue , Z. D. Wang

A major challenge in performing quantum error correction (QEC) is implementing reliable measurements and conditional feed-forward operations. In quantum computing platforms supporting unconditional qubit resets, or a constant supply of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-23 Stefano Veroni , Markus Müller , Giacomo Giudice

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

Quantum error correction is a crucial step beyond the current noisy-intermediate-scale quantum device towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, most of the error corrections ever demonstrated rely on post-selection of events or…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-09-07 Toshiaki Inada , Wonho Jang , Yutaro Iiyama , Koji Terashi , Ryu Sawada , Junichi Tanaka , Shoji Asai

Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is essential for achieving large-scale practical quantum computation. Implementing arbitrary FTQC requires the execution of a universal gate set on logical qubits, which is highly challenging.…

The construction of a quantum computer remains a fundamental scientific and technological challenge, in particular due to unavoidable noise. Quantum states and operations can be protected from errors using protocols for fault-tolerant…

A major challenge in practical quantum computation is the ineludible errors caused by the interaction of quantum systems with their environment. Fault-tolerant schemes, in which logical qubits are encoded by several physical qubits, enable…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-12-17 Kai Sun , Jin-Shi Xu , Xiao-Ye Xu , Yong-Jian Han , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Quantum error correction is a crucial tool for mitigating hardware errors in quantum computers by encoding logical information into multiple physical qubits. However, no single error-correcting code allows for an intrinsically…

Medium-scale quantum devices that integrate about hundreds of physical qubits are likely to be developed in the near future. However, such devices will lack the resources for realizing quantum fault tolerance. Therefore, the main challenge…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-12-24 Chao Song , Jing Cui , H. Wang , J. Hao , H. Feng , Ying Li

Fast, reliable logical operations are essential for realizing useful quantum computers. By redundantly encoding logical qubits into many physical qubits and using syndrome measurements to detect and correct errors, one can achieve low…

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction provides a strategy to protect information processed by a quantum computer against noise which would otherwise corrupt the data. A fault-tolerant universal quantum computer must implement a universal…

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