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Evaluating large language models (LLMs) today rests on fixed benchmarks that apply the same set of items to any model, producing ceiling and floor effects that mask capability gaps. We argue that the most informative evaluation signal lies…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Haoxiang Wang , Da Yu , Huishuai Zhang

Web attack detection is the first line of defense for securing web applications, designed to preemptively identify malicious activities. Deep learning-based approaches are increasingly popular for their advantages: automatically learning…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Kangqiang Luo , Yi Xie , Shiqian Zhao , Jing Pan

Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods relied on either medium-sized pre-trained models or smaller neural networks from scratch. Recent advancements in Large Pre-Trained Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Xin Zhou , Ting Zhang , David Lo

In this fast-evolving area of LLMs, our paper discusses the significant security risk presented by prompt injection attacks. It focuses on small open-sourced models, specifically the LLaMA family of models. We introduce novel defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Safwan Shaheer , G. M. Refatul Islam , Mohammad Rafid Hamid , Tahsin Zaman Jilan

Monitoring Machine Learning (ML) models in production environments is crucial, yet traditional approaches often yield verbose, low-interpretability outputs that hinder effective decision-making. We propose a cognitive architecture for ML…

Natural language interfaces to structured databases are becoming increasingly common, largely due to advances in large language models (LLMs) that enable users to query data using conversational input rather than formal query languages such…

Adversarial prompts are capable of jailbreaking frontier large language models (LLMs) and inducing undesirable behaviours, posing a significant obstacle to their safe deployment. Current mitigation strategies primarily rely on activating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Canaan Yung , Hanxun Huang , Christopher Leckie , Sarah Erfani

Natural Language Processing has recently made understanding human interaction easier, leading to improved sentimental analysis and behaviour prediction. However, the choice of words and vocal cues in conversations presents an underexplored…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2022-06-24 Amna Anwar , Eiman Kanjo , Dario Ortega Anderez

Deep Metric Learning (DML) models often require strong local and global representations, however, effective integration of local and global features in DML model training is a challenge. DML models are often trained with specific loss…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-30 Mohammad K. Ebrahimpour , Gang Qian , Allison Beach

Always-on spoken language interfaces, e.g. personal digital assistants, rely on a wake word to start processing spoken input. We present novel methods to train a hybrid DNN/HMM wake word detection system from partially labeled training…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-07-30 Yiming Wang , Hang Lv , Daniel Povey , Lei Xie , Sanjeev Khudanpur

As the complexity and connectivity of networks increase, the need for novel malware detection approaches becomes imperative. Traditional security defenses are becoming less effective against the advanced tactics of today's cyberattacks.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Kyle Stein , Andrew A. Mahyari , Guillermo Francia , Eman El-Sheikh

The proliferation of hate speech on Chinese social media poses urgent societal risks, yet traditional systems struggle to decode context-dependent rhetorical strategies and evolving slang. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel three-stage…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Binglin Wu , Jiaxiu Zou , Xianneng Li

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents demonstrate strong capabilities in autonomous task execution, tool use, and multi-step reasoning. However, their increasing autonomy also introduces a new attack surface: adversarial interactions…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Sheldon Yu , Yingcheng Sun , Hanqing Guo , Julian McAuley , Qianqian Tong

Various deep learning-based approaches utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been proposed for automated vulnerability detection. With recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), several studies have begun exploring…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Junji Yu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

LLM-integrated applications and agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where an attacker injects prompts into their inputs to induce attacker-desired outputs. A detection method aims to determine whether a given input is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Yupei Liu , Yuqi Jia , Jinyuan Jia , Dawn Song , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

This paper studies the integration off Large Language Models into cybersecurity tools and protocols. The main issue discussed in this paper is how traditional rule-based and signature based security systems are not enough to deal with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Raunak Somani , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

The system prompt in Large Language Models (LLMs) plays a pivotal role in guiding model behavior and response generation. Often containing private configuration details, user roles, and operational instructions, the system prompt has become…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Badhan Chandra Das , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherently use autoregressive decoding, which lacks parallelism in inference and results in significantly slow inference speed. While methods such as Medusa constructs parallelized heads, they lack adequate…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Zeping Li , Xinlong Yang , Ziheng Gao , Ji Liu , Guanchen Li , Zhuang Liu , Dong Li , Jinzhang Peng , Lu Tian , Emad Barsoum

Hateful memes have become a significant concern on the Internet, necessitating robust automated detection systems. While Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown promise in hateful meme detection, they face notable challenges like…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jingbiao Mei , Jinghong Chen , Guangyu Yang , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

Powerful autonomous systems, which reason, plan, and converse using and between numerous tools and agents, are made possible by Large Language Models (LLMs), Vision-Language Models (VLMs), and new agentic AI systems, like LangChain and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Toqeer Ali Syed , Mishal Ateeq Almutairi , Mahmoud Abdel Moaty