相关论文: About the Unreal
An approach to universal (meta-)logical reasoning in classical higher-order logic is employed to explore and study simplifications of Kurt G\"odel's modal ontological argument. Some argument premises are modified, others are dropped, modal…
A model of knowledge representation is described in which propositional facts and the relationships among them can be supported by other facts. The set of knowledge which can be supported is called the set of cognitive units, each having…
In ontology-mediated query answering, access to incomplete data sources is mediated by a conceptual layer constituted by an ontology, which can be formulated in a description logic (DL) or using existential rules. In the literature, there…
With an ever-increasing reliance on machine learning (ML) models in the real world, adversarial examples threaten the safety of AI-based systems such as autonomous vehicles. In the image domain, they represent maliciously perturbed data…
Machine learning models increasingly function as representational systems, yet the philosoph- ical assumptions underlying their internal structures remain largely unexamined. This paper develops a structuralist decision framework for…
The notion of concept has been studied for centuries, by philosophers, linguists, cognitive scientists, and researchers in artificial intelligence (Margolis & Laurence, 1999). There is a large literature on formal, mathematical models of…
Data analyses are often constructed in an imperative manner, where commands representing actions taken on the data are issued sequentially. The publication of these commands, along with the data, is essential to the reproducibility of the…
Ontological models, as used in the generalised contextuality literature, play a central role in current research on quantum foundations, providing a framework for defining classicality, constructing classical analogues of key quantum…
We addressed the problem of a lack of semantic representation for user-centric explanations and different explanation types in our Explanation Ontology (https://purl.org/heals/eo). Such a representation is increasingly necessary as…
The paper adresses the problem of reasoning with ambiguities. Semantic representations are presented that leave scope relations between quantifiers and/or other operators unspecified. Truth conditions are provided for these representations…
This work provides a starting point for researchers interested in gaining a deeper understanding of the big picture of artificial intelligence (AI). To this end, a narrative is conveyed that allows the reader to develop an objective view on…
As deep neural models in NLP become more complex, and as a consequence opaque, the necessity to interpret them becomes greater. A burgeoning interest has emerged in rationalizing explanations to provide short and coherent justifications for…
The ability to automatically identify whether an entity is referenced in a future context can have multiple applications including decision making, planning and trend forecasting. This paper focuses on detecting implicit future references…
This work proposes a theoretical framework using a systemic modeling paradigm to implement computational agents in the simulation of organizations. The potential of its use is demonstrated in the modeling of supply chains. Finally, research…
Counterfactual thinking is a crucial yet challenging topic for artificial intelligence to learn knowledge from data and ultimately improve performance for new scenarios. Many research works, including the Potential Outcome Model (POM) and…
Quantum theory describes our universe incredibly successfully. To our classically-inclined brains, however, it is a bizarre description that requires a re-imagining of what fundamental reality, or "ontology", could look like. This thesis…
This book explores an alternative to the current dominant paradigm where a discrete computer model is constructed as an attempt to approximate some continuum theory. We focus on a class of discrete computer models that are based on simple…
We introduce and study strongly truthful mechanisms and their applications. We use strongly truthful mechanisms as a tool for implementation in undominated strategies for several problems,including the design of externality resistant…
Primarily this paper presents an expository report on alternatives to the traditional methods of classifying representations of finite dimensional algebras. Some new results illustrating such alternatives for algebras with only finitely…
Can multiverse hypotheses ever receive empirical support? Critics argue that multiverse scenarios posit unobservable entities, face severe underdetermination, or fall outside the bounds of science. This chapter challenges that view by…