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This article discusses the opportunities, applications and future directions of large-scale pre-trained models, i.e., foundation models, for analyzing medical images. Medical foundation models have immense potential in solving a wide range…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-11-23 Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris Metaxas

Machine learning is vulnerable to adversarial manipulation. Previous literature has demonstrated that at the training stage attackers can manipulate data and data sampling procedures to control model behaviour. A common attack goal is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-17 Mikel Bober-Irizar , Ilia Shumailov , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Nicolas Papernot

Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial attacks and common corruptions, which undermine their robustness. In order to enhance model resilience against such challenges, Adversarial Training (AT) has emerged as a prominent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Tejaswini Medi , Steffen Jung , Margret Keuper

The rapid adoption of deep learning in sensitive domains has brought tremendous benefits. However, this widespread adoption has also given rise to serious vulnerabilities, particularly model inversion (MI) attacks, posing a significant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Wencheng Yang , Song Wang , Di Wu , Taotao Cai , Yanming Zhu , Shicheng Wei , Yiying Zhang , Xu Yang , Zhaohui Tang , Yan Li

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have recently achieved competitive performance in broad vision tasks. Unfortunately, on popular threat models, naturally trained ViTs are shown to provide no more adversarial robustness than convolutional neural…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Yichuan Mo , Dongxian Wu , Yifei Wang , Yiwen Guo , Yisen Wang

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to deep learning models by allowing adversaries to implant hidden behaviors that remain dormant on clean inputs but are maliciously triggered at inference. Existing backdoor attack methods typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Lijie Hu , Junchi Liao , Weimin Lyu , Shaopeng Fu , Tianhao Huang , Shu Yang , Guimin Hu , Di Wang

Vision foundation models (VFMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of downstream tasks. While several VFM adapters have shown promising results by leveraging the prior knowledge of VFMs, we identify two…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Yifan Li , Xin Li , Tianqin Li , Wenbin He , Yu Kong , Liu Ren

Vision Transformer (ViT), as a powerful alternative to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), has received much attention. Recent work showed that ViTs are also vulnerable to adversarial examples like CNNs. To build robust ViTs, an intuitive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-22 Boxi Wu , Jindong Gu , Zhifeng Li , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He , Wei Liu

Vision transformers (ViTs) have become essential backbones in advanced computer vision applications and multi-modal foundation models. Despite their strengths, ViTs remain vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, comparable to or even…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-06 Bhavna Gopal , Huanrui Yang , Mark Horton , Yiran Chen

Diffusion models have gained significant attention for high-fidelity image generation. Our work investigates the potential of exploiting diffusion models for adversarial robustness in image classification and object detection. Adversarial…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-11-05 Mika Yagoda , Shady Abu-Hussein , Raja Giryes

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized various domains with their exceptional performance across numerous applications. However, Model Inversion (MI) attacks, which disclose private information about the training dataset by abusing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-12 Hao Fang , Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Wenbo Yu , Jiawei Kong , Baoli Chong , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Visual foundation models like CLIP excel in learning feature representations from extensive datasets through self-supervised methods, demonstrating remarkable transfer learning and generalization capabilities. A growing number of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-23 Binjie Zhang , Yixiao Ge , Xuyuan Xu , Ying Shan , Mike Zheng Shou

Adversarial attacking aims to fool deep neural networks with adversarial examples. In the field of natural language processing, various textual adversarial attack models have been proposed, varying in the accessibility to the victim model.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-09-22 Yuan Zang , Bairu Hou , Fanchao Qi , Zhiyuan Liu , Xiaojun Meng , Maosong Sun

In the big data era, the computer vision field benefits from large-scale datasets such as LAION-2B, LAION-400M, and ImageNet-21K, Kinetics, on which popular models like the ViT and ConvNeXt series have been pre-trained, acquiring…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Qiankun Li , Feng He , Huabao Chen , Xin Ning , Kun Wang , Zengfu Wang

Foundation model has become the backbone of the AI ecosystem. In particular, a foundation model can be used as a general-purpose feature extractor to build various downstream classifiers. However, foundation models are vulnerable to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Hongbin Liu , Michael K. Reiter , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Multi-modal models have gained significant attention due to their powerful capabilities. These models effectively align embeddings across diverse data modalities, showcasing superior performance in downstream tasks compared to their…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Zhihao Dou , Xin Hu , Haibo Yang , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

Deep neural network based face recognition models have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. However, many of the past attacks require the adversary to solve an input-dependent optimization problem using gradient descent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-13 Shehzeen Hussain , Todd Huster , Chris Mesterharm , Paarth Neekhara , Kevin An , Malhar Jere , Harshvardhan Sikka , Farinaz Koushanfar

With increasingly deployed deep neural networks in sensitive application domains, such as healthcare and security, it's essential to understand what kind of sensitive information can be inferred from these models. Most known model-targeted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Yuechun Gu , Jiajie He , Keke Chen

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) or presentation attack detection is an essential component of face recognition systems deployed in security-critical applications. Existing FAS methods have poor generalizability to unseen spoof types, camera…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Koushik Srivatsan , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar

With the advent of state of the art nature-inspired pure attention based models i.e. transformers, and their success in natural language processing (NLP), their extension to machine vision (MV) tasks was inevitable and much felt.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-15 Abdul Mueed Hafiz , Shabir Ahmad Parah , Rouf Ul Alam Bhat