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Diffusion models have shown promising generative capabilities across diverse domains, yet aligning their outputs with desired reward functions remains a challenge, particularly in cases where reward functions are non-differentiable. Some…

Large language models (LLMs) are fine-tuned using human comparison data with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) methods to make them better aligned with users' preferences. In contrast to LLMs, human preference learning has…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-23 Bram Wallace , Meihua Dang , Rafael Rafailov , Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Senthil Purushwalkam , Stefano Ermon , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty , Nikhil Naik

RLHF techniques like DPO can significantly improve the generation quality of text-to-image diffusion models. However, these methods optimize for a single reward that aligns model generation with population-level preferences, neglecting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Meihua Dang , Anikait Singh , Linqi Zhou , Stefano Ermon , Jiaming Song

Preference optimization has emerged as an efficient alternative to online reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) for aligning text-to-image diffusion models. However, existing methods largely reduce supervision to binary pairwise…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Austin Wang , Jiaqi Han , Stefano Ermon , Yisong Yue

Diffusion-based planning, learning, and control methods present a promising branch of powerful and expressive decision-making solutions. Given the growing interest, such methods have undergone numerous refinements over the past years.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Diffusion models excel at capturing complex data distributions, such as those of natural images and proteins. While diffusion models are trained to represent the distribution in the training dataset, we often are more concerned with other…

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating realistic and versatile images from text prompts. Inspired by the recent advancements of language models, there is an increasing interest in further improving the models by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Binxu Li , Minkai Xu , Jiaqi Han , Meihua Dang , Stefano Ermon

Aligning large language models with human preferences has emerged as a critical focus in language modeling research. Yet, integrating preference learning into Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models is still relatively uncharted territory.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Yi Gu , Zhendong Wang , Yueqin Yin , Yujia Xie , Mingyuan Zhou

This work addresses the challenge of personalizing trajectories generated in automated decision-making systems by introducing a resource-efficient approach that enables rapid adaptation to individual users' preferences. Our method leverages…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Wen Zheng Terence Ng , Jianda Chen , Yuan Xu , Tianwei Zhang

Preference alignment in diffusion models has primarily focused on benign human preferences (e.g., aesthetic). In this paper, we propose a novel perspective: framing unrestricted adversarial example generation as a problem of aligning with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Kaixun Jiang , Zhaoyu Chen , Haijing Guo , Jinglun Li , Jiyuan Fu , Pinxue Guo , Hao Tang , Bo Li , Wenqiang Zhang

Video diffusion alignment has been heavily relied on scalar rewards. These rewards are typically derived from learned reward models in human preference datasets, requiring additional training and extensive collection. Moreover, scalar…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Yifan Wang , Yanyu Li , Gordon Guocheng Qian , Sergey Tulyakov , Yun Fu , Anil Kag

Fine-tuning Diffusion Models remains an underexplored frontier in generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), especially when compared with the remarkable progress made in fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs). While cutting-edge…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Huizhuo Yuan , Zixiang Chen , Kaixuan Ji , Quanquan Gu

Diffusion models have become prevalent in generative modeling due to their ability to sample from complex distributions. To improve the quality of generated samples and their compliance with user requirements, two commonly used methods are:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Shervin Khalafi , Ignacio Hounie , Dongsheng Ding , Alejandro Ribeiro

Sequential decision-making is desired to align with human intents and exhibit versatility across various tasks. Previous methods formulate it as a conditional generation process, utilizing return-conditioned diffusion models to directly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Xudong Yu , Chenjia Bai , Haoran He , Changhong Wang , Xuelong Li

We propose Diffusion-Sharpening, a fine-tuning approach that enhances downstream alignment by optimizing sampling trajectories. Existing RL-based fine-tuning methods focus on single training timesteps and neglect trajectory-level alignment,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Ye Tian , Ling Yang , Xinchen Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Mengdi Wang , Bin Cui

Diffusion and flow models achieve State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) generative performance, yet many practically important behaviors such as fine-grained prompt fidelity, compositional correctness, and text rendering are weakly specified by score or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Yuanzhi Zhu , Xi Wang , Stéphane Lathuilière , Vicky Kalogeiton

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with human preferences has emerged as a critical research challenge. While recent advances in this area have extended preference optimization techniques from large language models (LLMs) to the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Junyong Kang , Seohyun Lim , Kyungjune Baek , Hyunjung Shim

We present Diffusion-KTO, a novel approach for aligning text-to-image diffusion models by formulating the alignment objective as the maximization of expected human utility. Since this objective applies to each generation independently,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Akash Gokul , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka

Fine-tuning foundation models via reinforcement learning (RL) has proven promising for aligning to downstream objectives. In the case of diffusion models (DMs), though RL training improves alignment from early timesteps, critical issues…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-10-14 Roberto Barceló , Cristóbal Alcázar , Felipe Tobar

We address the problem of fine-tuning diffusion models for reward-guided generation in biomolecular design. While diffusion models have proven highly effective in modeling complex, high-dimensional data distributions, real-world…