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The Model Context Protocol (MCP) enables large language models to invoke external tools through natural-language descriptions, forming the foundation of many AI agent applications. However, MCP does not enforce consistency between…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Zhihao Li , Boyang Ma , Xuelong Dai , Minghui Xu , Yue Zhang , Biwei Yan , Kun Li

With advances in decision-making and reasoning capabilities, multimodal agents show strong potential in computer application scenarios. Past evaluations have mainly assessed GUI interaction skills, while tool invocation abilities, such as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Hongrui Jia , Jitong Liao , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Tianbao Xie , Chaoya Jiang , Ming Yan , Si Liu , Wei Ye , Fei Huang

Explicit modeling of capabilities and skills -- whether based on ontologies, Asset Administration Shells, or other technologies -- requires considerable manual effort and often results in representations that are not easily accessible to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Luis Miguel Vieira da Silva , Aljosha Köcher , Felix Gehlhoff

Medical calculators are fundamental to quantitative, evidence-based clinical practice. However, their real-world use is an adaptive, multi-stage process, requiring proactive EHR data acquisition, scenario-dependent calculator selection, and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yakun Zhu , Yutong Huang , Shengqian Qin , Zhongzhen Huang , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), a universal open standard for connecting AI agents with data sources and external tools. While MCP enhances the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yixuan Yang , Cuifeng Gao , Daoyuan Wu , Yufan Chen , Yingjiu Li , Shuai Wang

The variety of data in data lakes presents significant challenges for data analytics, as data scientists must simultaneously analyze multi-modal data, including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. While Large Language Models…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Chao Zhang , Shaolei Zhang , Quehuan Liu , Sibei Chen , Tong Li , Ju Fan

Data visualizations like charts are fundamental tools for quantitative analysis and decision-making across fields, requiring accurate interpretation and mathematical reasoning. The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Anku Rani , Aparna Garimella , Apoorv Saxena , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan , Paul Pu Liang

Existing safety evaluation methods for large language models (LLMs) suffer from inherent limitations, including evaluator bias and detection failures arising from model homogeneity, which collectively undermine the robustness of risk…

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external tools, enabling dynamic aggregation of real-time data to improve task execution. However, its non-isolated execution context introduces critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Haoran Shi , Hongwei Yao , Shuo Shao , Shaopeng Jiao , Ziqi Peng , Zhan Qin , Cong Wang

Human spatiotemporal behavior simulation is critical for urban planning research, yet traditional rule-based and statistical approaches suffer from high computational costs, limited generalizability, and poor scalability. While large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Yu Zhang , Yang Hu , De Wang

Model Context Protocol (MCP) is increasingly adopted for tool-integrated LLM agents, but its multi-layer design and third-party server ecosystem expand risks across tool metadata, untrusted outputs, cross-tool flows, multimodal inputs, and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Run Hao , Zhuoran Tan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support question answering and decision-making in high-stakes, domain-specific settings such as natural hazard response and infrastructure planning, where effective answers must convey…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Homaira Huda Shomee , Rochana Chaturvedi , Yangxinyu Xie , Tanwi Mallick

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increased the demand for comprehensive benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities as human-like agents. Existing benchmarks, while useful, often focus on specific application scenarios,…

The rapid deployment of Large language model (LLM) agents in critical domains like healthcare and finance necessitates robust security frameworks. To address the absence of standardized evaluation benchmarks for these agents in dynamic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Yuchuan Fu , Xiaohan Yuan , Dongxia Wang

This survey investigates how classical software design patterns can enhance the reliability and scalability of communication in Large Language Model (LLM)-driven agentic AI systems, focusing particularly on the Model Context Protocol (MCP).…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Anjana Sarkar , Soumyendu Sarkar

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable performance across various language understanding tasks. While emerging benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate LLMs in various domains such as mathematics and computer…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Junnan Dong , Zijin Hong , Yuanchen Bei , Feiran Huang , Xinrun Wang , Xiao Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing interests to improve clinical efficiency for medical diagnosis, owing to their unprecedented performance in modelling natural language. Ensuring the safe and reliable clinical…

Solving problems through tool use under explicit constraints constitutes a highly challenging yet unavoidable scenario for large language models (LLMs), requiring capabilities such as function calling, instruction following, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Junjie Ye , Guoqiang Zhang , Wenjie Fu , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have broadened the scope of AI applications. Existing automatic evaluation methodologies for MLLMs are mainly limited in evaluating queries without considering user experiences, inadequately…

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) (MCP Community, 2025) has emerged as a widely used framework for enabling LLM-based agents to communicate with external tools and services. The original MCP implementation (Anthropic, 2024) relies on a Large…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Meenakshi Amulya Jayanti , X. Y. Han