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Credit assignment, the process of attributing credit or blame to individual agents for their contributions to a team's success or failure, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), particularly in…

A centerpiece of the ever-popular reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) approach to fine-tuning autoregressive language models is the explicit training of a reward model to emulate human feedback, distinct from the language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-22 Wanqiao Xu , Shi Dong , Dilip Arumugam , Benjamin Van Roy

LLMs are often trained with RL from human or AI feedback, yet such methods typically compress nuanced feedback into scalar rewards, discarding much of their richness and inducing scale imbalance. We propose treating verbal feedback as a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Renjie Luo , Zichen Liu , Xiangyan Liu , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wenhu Chen , Wei Lu , Tianyu Pang

Self-Rewarding Language Models propose an architecture in which the Large Language Models(LLMs) both generates responses and evaluates its own outputs via LLM-as-a-Judge prompting, dynamically improving its generative capabilities through…

We present a generative dialogue system capable of operating in a full-duplex manner, allowing for seamless interaction. It is based on a large language model (LLM) carefully aligned to be aware of a perception module, a motor function…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Peng Wang , Songshuo Lu , Yaohua Tang , Sijie Yan , Wei Xia , Yuanjun Xiong

Generating long, coherent text remains a challenge for large language models (LLMs), as they lack hierarchical planning and structured organization in discourse generation. We introduce Structural Alignment, a novel method that aligns LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Zae Myung Kim , Anand Ramachandran , Farideh Tavazoee , Joo-Kyung Kim , Oleg Rokhlenko , Dongyeop Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

Whole-page optimization (WPO) decides how search and recommendation results are surfaced to users, and large language models (LLMs) open a new route to it by treating page generation as sequence generation. Adapting LLMs to web-scale WPO,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Xinyuan Wang , Liang Wu , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising basis for creating agents that can tackle complex tasks through iterative environmental interaction. Existing methods either require these agents to mimic expert-provided trajectories or rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Dihong Gong , Pu Lu , Zelong Wang , Meng Zhou , Xiuqiang He

In offline reinforcement learning (RL), learning from fixed datasets presents a promising solution for domains where real-time interaction with the environment is expensive or risky. However, designing dense reward signals for offline…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Younghwan Lee , Tung M. Luu , Donghoon Lee , Chang D. Yoo

Text-based role-playing models can imitate character styles, yet they often fail to reflect a scene's atmosphere and evolving tension, both essential for immersive applications such as Virtual Reality (VR) games and interactive narratives.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Miao Wang , Yuling Shi , Yijiang Li , Yeheng Chen , Xiaodong Gu , Bin Li , Bo Gao , Yaduan Ruan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in human-centric applications, yet they often fail to provide substantive emotional support. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been utilized to enhance empathy of LLMs, existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Chengbing Wang , Wuqiang Zheng , Yang Zhang , Fengbin Zhu , Junyi Cheng , Yi Xie , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng

Conversational human-likeness plays a central role in human-AI interaction, yet it has remained difficult to define, measure, and optimize. As a result, improvements in human-like behavior are largely driven by scale or broad supervised…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Masum Hasan , Junjie Zhao , Ehsan Hoque

Large Language Models are typically trained with next-turn rewards, limiting their ability to optimize for long-term interaction. As a result, they often respond passively to ambiguous or open-ended user requests, failing to help users…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Shirley Wu , Michel Galley , Baolin Peng , Hao Cheng , Gavin Li , Yao Dou , Weixin Cai , James Zou , Jure Leskovec , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

Designing reward functions is a longstanding challenge in reinforcement learning (RL); it requires specialized knowledge or domain data, leading to high costs for development. To address this, we introduce Text2Reward, a data-free framework…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Tianbao Xie , Siheng Zhao , Chen Henry Wu , Yitao Liu , Qian Luo , Victor Zhong , Yanchao Yang , Tao Yu

Learning reward functions remains the bottleneck to equip a robot with a broad repertoire of skills. Large Language Models (LLM) contain valuable task-related knowledge that can potentially aid in the learning of reward functions. However,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-05-17 Yuwei Zeng , Yao Mu , Lin Shao

We propose LLM-Eval, a unified multi-dimensional automatic evaluation method for open-domain conversations with large language models (LLMs). Existing evaluation methods often rely on human annotations, ground-truth responses, or multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-24 Yen-Ting Lin , Yun-Nung Chen

LLM alignment has progressed in single-agent settings through paradigms such as RL with human feedback (RLHF), while recent work explores scalable alternatives such as RL with AI feedback (RLAIF) and dynamic alignment objectives. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Nima Asgharbeygi , Jad Tarifi