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Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities that benefits from online reinforcement learning (RL). These capabilities have primarily been demonstrated within the left-to-right autoregressive (AR)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Siyan Zhao , Devaansh Gupta , Qinqing Zheng , Aditya Grover

Large Language Models (LLMs) like OpenAI's GPT series, Anthropic's Claude, and Meta's LLaMa have shown remarkable capabilities in text generation. However, their susceptibility to toxic prompts presents significant security challenges. This…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Xiaoning Ren , Ling Shi , Weisong Sun , Yinxing Xue

Knowledge distillation transfers behavior from a teacher to a student model, but the process is inherently stochastic: teacher outputs, student training, and student inference can all be random. Collapsing these uncertainties to a single…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Ziyao Cui , Jian Pei

Speculative decoding is a powerful technique for reducing the latency of Large Language Models (LLMs), offering a fault-tolerant framework that enables the use of highly compressed draft models. In this work, we introduce Self-Distilled…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Mike Lasby , Nish Sinnadurai , Valavan Manohararajah , Sean Lie , Yani Ioannou , Vithursan Thangarasa

Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) facilitates efficient inference by distilling multi-step diffusion models into few-step variants. Concurrently, Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a vital tool for aligning generative models…

Bayesian deep learning (BDL) is a promising approach to achieve well-calibrated predictions on distribution-shifted data. Nevertheless, there exists no large-scale survey that evaluates recent SOTA methods on diverse, realistic, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Florian Seligmann , Philipp Becker , Michael Volpp , Gerhard Neumann

Diffusion language models (DLMs) provide a bidirectional generation framework naturally suited for infilling, yet their performance is constrained by the pre-specified infilling length. In this paper, we reveal that DLMs possess an inherent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Hengchang Liu , Zhao Yang , Bing Su

We introduce a novel approach to large language model (LLM) distillation by formulating it as a constrained reinforcement learning problem. While recent work has begun exploring the integration of task-specific rewards into distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Matthieu Zimmer , Xiaotong Ji , Tu Nguyen , Haitham Bou Ammar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed under diverse numerical precision configurations, including standard floating-point formats (e.g., bfloat16 and float16) and quantized integer formats (e.g., int16 and int8), to meet…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Yifei Wang , Tianlin Li , Xiaohan Zhang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Wei Ma , Mingfei Cheng , Li Pan

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) enhances overall accuracy (pass@1) but often fails to improve capability (pass@k) of LLMs in reasoning tasks, while distillation can improve both. In this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Minwu Kim , Anubhav Shrestha , Safal Shrestha , Aadim Nepal , Keith Ross

Techniques such as ensembling and distillation promise model quality improvements when paired with almost any base model. However, due to increased test-time cost (for ensembles) and increased complexity of the training pipeline (for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-24 Rohan Anil , Gabriel Pereyra , Alexandre Passos , Robert Ormandi , George E. Dahl , Geoffrey E. Hinton

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased exceptional capabilities in various domains, attracting significant interest from both academia and industry. Despite their impressive performance, the substantial size and computational demands…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Chuanpeng Yang , Wang Lu , Yao Zhu , Yidong Wang , Qian Chen , Chenlong Gao , Bingjie Yan , Yiqiang Chen

Discrete diffusion models (DDMs) have shown powerful generation ability for discrete data modalities like text and molecules. However, their practical application is hindered by inefficient sampling, requiring a large number of sampling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Feiyang Fu , Tongxian Guo , Zhaoqiang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) that can express interpretable and calibrated uncertainty are crucial in high-stakes domains. While methods to compute uncertainty post-hoc exist, they are often sampling-based and therefore computationally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Azza Jenane , Nassim Walha , Lukas Kuhn , Florian Buettner

Deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models on edge devices involves a delicate balance between meeting stringent complexity constraints, such as limited memory and energy resources, and ensuring reliable performance in sensitive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Jiayi Huang , Sangwoo Park , Nicola Paoletti , Osvaldo Simeone

Large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning through chain of thought (CoT) prompting. Recently, there has been a growing interest in transferring these reasoning abilities from LLMs to smaller…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Hongzhan Chen , Siyue Wu , Xiaojun Quan , Rui Wang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional capabilities across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, such impressive performance often comes with the trade-off of an increased parameter size,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Minchong Li , Feng Zhou , Xiaohui Song

Despite their widespread applications, Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to express uncertainty, posing a challenge for reliable deployment in high stakes and safety critical domains like clinical diagnostics. Existing standard…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing with their impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities. However, these models are sometimes prone to generating credible-sounding but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Ranganath Krishnan , Piyush Khanna , Omesh Tickoo

Recent studies have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong mathematical reasoning abilities but rely on hundreds of billions of parameters. To tackle the challenge of poor reasoning in Small Language Models (SLMs),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Xinhe Li , Jiajun Liu , Peng Wang