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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently achieved remarkable progress by leveraging Reinforcement Learning and extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) techniques. However, the challenge of performing efficient language reasoning--especially…

Ensembles of machine learning models yield improved system performance as well as robust and interpretable uncertainty estimates; however, their inference costs may often be prohibitively high. \emph{Ensemble Distribution Distillation} is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-17 Max Ryabinin , Andrey Malinin , Mark Gales

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong few-shot generalization through in-context learning, yet their reasoning in dynamic and stochastic environments remains opaque. Prior studies mainly focus on static tasks and overlook the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Jensen Zhang , Jing Yang , Keze Wang

Self-distillation (SD) offers a promising path for adapting large language models (LLMs) without relying on stronger external teachers. However, SD in autoregressive LLMs remains challenging because self-generated trajectories are…

This work addresses the challenge of democratizing advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) by compressing their mathematical reasoning capabilities into sub-billion parameter Small Language Models (SLMs) without compromising performance. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes applications, robust uncertainty estimation is essential for ensuring the safe and trustworthy deployment of LLMs. We present the most comprehensive study to date of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Linwei Tao , Yi-Fan Yeh , Minjing Dong , Tao Huang , Philip Torr , Chang Xu

In many high-risk machine learning applications it is essential for a model to indicate when it is uncertain about a prediction. While large language models (LLMs) can reach and even surpass human-level accuracy on a variety of benchmarks,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Evan Becker , Stefano Soatto

Deep ensembles deliver state-of-the-art, reliable uncertainty quantification, but their heavy computational and memory requirements hinder their practical deployments to real applications such as on-device AI. Knowledge distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Sehyun Park , Jongjin Lee , Yunseop Shin , Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

Uncertainty quantification approaches have been more critical in large language models (LLMs), particularly high-risk applications requiring reliable outputs. However, traditional methods for uncertainty quantification, such as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Murat Kuzlu

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) are promising alternatives to autoregressive large language models (AR-LLMs), as they potentially allow higher inference throughput. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a crucial component for dLLMs to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Jaemoo Choi , Petr Molodyk , Bo Yuan , Molei Tao , Yongxin Chen

While large language model (LLM) multi-agent systems achieve superior reasoning performance through iterative debate, practical deployment is limited by their high computational cost and error propagation. This paper proposes AgentArk, a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yinyi Luo , Yiqiao Jin , Weichen Yu , Mengqi Zhang , Srijan Kumar , Xiaoxiao Li , Weijie Xu , Xin Chen , Jindong Wang

Evidential Deep Learning (EDL) is a popular framework for uncertainty-aware classification that models predictive uncertainty via Dirichlet distributions parameterized by neural networks. Despite its popularity, its theoretical foundations…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-03 Pietro Carlotti , Nevena Gligić , Arya Farahi

In many practical applications, large language models (LLMs) need to acquire new knowledge not present in their pre-training data. Efficiently leveraging this knowledge usually relies on supervised fine-tuning or retrieval-augmented…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Kalle Kujanpää , Pekka Marttinen , Harri Valpola , Alexander Ilin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to produce very high-quality tests and responses to our queries. But how much can we trust this generated text? In this paper, we study the problem of uncertainty quantification in LLMs. We propose a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-28 Muhammad Mubashar , Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal , Fabio Cuzzolin

The emergence of Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) has advanced Speech Emotion Recognition (SER), but their size limits deployment in resource-constrained environments. While Knowledge Distillation is effective for LALM compression,…

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) compress knowledge from their training data through next-token conditional distributions. This limits tractable querying of this knowledge to start-to-end autoregressive sampling. However, many…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Edward J. Hu , Moksh Jain , Eric Elmoznino , Younesse Kaddar , Guillaume Lajoie , Yoshua Bengio , Nikolay Malkin

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable advanced natural language processing but face deployment challenges on resource-constrained edge devices due to high computational, memory, and energy demands. Optimizing these models requires addressing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Jacob Sander , Brian Jalaian , Venkat R. Dasari

Dataset distillation aims to compress a training dataset by creating a small number of informative synthetic samples such that neural networks trained on them perform as well as those trained on the original training dataset. Current text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Aru Maekawa , Satoshi Kosugi , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) theoretically permit token decoding in arbitrary order, a flexibility that could enable richer exploration of reasoning paths than autoregressive (AR) LLMs. In practice, however, random-order decoding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Liancheng Fang , Aiwei Liu , Henry Peng Zou , Yankai Chen , Enze Ma , Leyi Pan , Chunyu Miao , Wei-Chieh Huang , Xue Liu , Philip S. Yu

Autoregressive large language models achieve strong results on many benchmarks, but decoding remains fundamentally latency-limited by sequential dependence on previously generated tokens. Diffusion language models (DLMs) promise parallel…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Yihao Liang , Ze Wang , Hao Chen , Ximeng Sun , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Jiang Liu , Emad Barsoum , Zicheng Liu , Niraj K. Jha