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Detecting occurrences of keywords with keyword spotting (KWS) systems requires thresholding continuous detection scores. Selecting appropriate thresholds is a non-trivial task, typically relying on optimizing performance on a validation…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-23 Kevin Wilkinghoff , Alessia Cornaggia-Urrigshardt , Zheng-Hua Tan

In order to maximize detection precision rate as well as the recall rate, this paper proposes an in-vehicle multi-source fusion scheme in Keyword Spotting (KWS) System for vehicle applications. Vehicle information, as a new source for the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-02-19 Yue Tan , Kan Zheng , Lei Lei

We propose GE2E-KWS -- a generalized end-to-end training and evaluation framework for customized keyword spotting. Specifically, enrollment utterances are separated and grouped by keywords from the training batch and their embedding…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Jacob W. Bartel , Dhruuv Agarwal , Kurt Partridge , Hyun Jin Park , Quan Wang

Keyword Spotting (KWS) is an essential component in a smart device for alerting the system when a user prompts it with a command. As these devices are typically constrained by computational and energy resources, the KWS model should be…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-10-24 Donghyeon Kim , Kyungdeuk Ko , David K. Han , Hanseok Ko

Learning to recognize new keywords with just a few examples is essential for personalizing keyword spotting (KWS) models to a user's choice of keywords. However, modern KWS models are typically trained on large datasets and restricted to a…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-06-07 Abhijeet Awasthi , Kevin Kilgour , Hassan Rom

The challenging deployment of compute- and memory-intensive methods from Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based Continual Learning (CL) underscores the critical need for a paradigm shift towards more efficient approaches. Neuromorphic Continual…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Mishal Fatima Minhas , Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Falah Awwad , Osman Hasan , Muhammad Shafique

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable learning systems to acquire new knowledge constantly without forgetting previously learned information. CL faces the challenge of mitigating catastrophic forgetting while maintaining interpretability…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Lu Yu , Haoyu Han , Zhe Tao , Hantao Yao , Changsheng Xu

Keyword Spotting (KWS) provides the start signal of ASR problem, and thus it is essential to ensure a high recall rate. However, its real-time property requires low computation complexity. This contradiction inspires people to find a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-11-07 Yixiao Qu , Sihao Xue , Zhenyi Ying , Hang Zhou , Jue Sun

Keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for many speech-driven applications, but robust KWS in noisy environments remains challenging. Conventional systems often rely on single-channel inputs and a cascaded pipeline separating front-end…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-11 Rui Wang , Zhifei Zhang , Yu Gao , Xiaofeng Mou , Yi Xu

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in designing small-footprint yet effective Connectionist Temporal Classification based keyword spotting (CTC-KWS) systems. They are typically deployed on low-resource computing platforms,…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-12-25 Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Hao Li , Jiaqi Guo , Xu Li , Wen Ding , Kai Yu

On-device learning remains a formidable challenge, especially when dealing with resource-constrained devices that have limited computational capabilities. This challenge is primarily rooted in two key issues: first, the memory available on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Lorenzo Vorabbi , Davide Maltoni , Guido Borghi , Stefano Santi

Despite the recent successes of deep neural networks, it remains challenging to achieve high precision keyword spotting task (KWS) on resource-constrained devices. In this study, we propose a novel context-aware and compact architecture for…

声音 · 计算机科学 2019-12-12 Xi Chen , Shouyi Yin , Dandan Song , Peng Ouyang , Leibo Liu , Shaojun Wei

Continuous Speech Keyword Spotting (CSKWS) is a task to detect predefined keywords in a continuous speech. In this paper, we regard CSKWS as a one-dimensional object detection task and propose a novel anchor-free detector, named AF-KWS, to…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-08-10 Zhiyuan Zhao , Chuanxin Tang , Chengdong Yao , Chong Luo

This paper presents a keyword spotting (KWS) system implemented on the NXP MCXN947 microcontroller with an integrated Neural Processing Unit (NPU), enabling real-time voice interaction on resource-constrained devices. The system combines…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Petar Jakuš , Hrvoje Džapo

In this paper, we propose DS-KWS, a two-stage framework for robust user-defined keyword spotting. It combines a CTC-based method with a streaming phoneme search module to locate candidate segments, followed by a QbyT-based method with a…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Zhiqi Ai , Han Cheng , Yuxin Wang , Shiyi Mu , Shugong Xu , Yongjin Zhou

Catastrophic forgetting is a thorny challenge when updating keyword spotting (KWS) models after deployment. This problem will be more challenging if KWS models are further required for edge devices due to their limited memory. To alleviate…

声音 · 计算机科学 2022-07-01 Yang Xiao , Nana Hou , Eng Siong Chng

A keyword spotting (KWS) system determines the existence of, usually predefined, keyword in a continuous speech stream. This paper presents a query-by-example on-device KWS system which is user-specific. The proposed system consists of two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-15 Byeonggeun Kim , Mingu Lee , Jinkyu Lee , Yeonseok Kim , Kyuwoong Hwang

Continual Learning (CL) refers to a learning setup where data is non stationary and the model has to learn without forgetting existing knowledge. The study of CL for sequential patterns revolves around trained recurrent networks. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-18 Andrea Cossu , Davide Bacciu , Antonio Carta , Claudio Gallicchio , Vincenzo Lomonaco

Keyword Spotting plays a critical role in enabling hands-free interaction for battery-powered edge devices. Few-Shot Keyword Spotting (FS-KWS) addresses the scalability and adaptability challenges of traditional systems by enabling…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-09 Alican Gok , Oguzhan Buyuksolak , Osman Erman Okman , Murat Saraclar

There has been a growing interest in developing data-driven, and in particular deep neural network (DNN) based methods for modern communication tasks. For a few popular tasks such as power control, beamforming, and MIMO detection, these…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-05-11 Haoran Sun , Wenqiang Pu , Xiao Fu , Tsung-Hui Chang , Mingyi Hong