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Spatial reasoning is a crucial component of both biological and artificial intelligence. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the capability of current state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) on spatial reasoning. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Md Imbesat Hassan Rizvi , Xiaodan Zhu , Iryna Gurevych

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

We present MetaSpatial, the first reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework designed to enhance 3D spatial reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs), enabling real-time 3D scene generation without the need for hard-coded optimizations.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Zhenyu Pan , Han Liu

As spatial intelligence becomes an increasingly important capability for foundation models, it remains unclear whether large language models' (LLMs) performance on spatial reasoning benchmarks reflects structured internal spatial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Jiyuan An , Liner Yang , Mengyan Wang , Luming Lu , Weihua An , Erhong Yang

Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) encode knowledge and reasoning capabilities for robotic manipulation within high-dimensional representation spaces. However, current approaches often project them into compressed intermediate representations,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Wenbo Li , Shiyi Wang , Yiteng Chen , Huiping Zhuang , Qingyao Wu

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental capability for embodied intelligence, especially for fine-grained manipulation tasks such as robotic assembly. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit preliminary spatial awareness, they largely…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Zhi Jing , Jinbin Qiao , Ouyang Lu , Jicong Ao , Shuang Qiu , Yu-Gang Jiang , Chenjia Bai

We introduce LaySPA, a reinforcement learning framework that equips large language models (LLMs) with explicit and interpretable spatial reasoning for content-aware graphic layout design. LaySPA addresses two key challenges: LLMs' limited…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Sha Li , Stefano Petrangeli , Yu Shen , Xiang Chen

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced performance on 2D visual tasks. However, improving their spatial intelligence remains a challenge. Existing 3D MLLMs always rely on additional 3D or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Diankun Wu , Fangfu Liu , Yi-Hsin Hung , Yueqi Duan

Tables are ubiquitous across various domains for concisely representing structured information. Empowering large language models (LLMs) to reason over tabular data represents an actively explored direction. However, since typical LLMs only…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Zhengtao Yu , Rui Yan

AlphaGeometry represents a milestone in neuro-symbolic reasoning, yet its architecture faces a log-linear scaling bottleneck within its symbolic deduction engine that limits its efficiency as problem complexity increases. Recent technical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Anthony Bordg

As textual reasoning with large language models (LLMs) has advanced significantly, there has been growing interest in enhancing the multimodal reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, existing methods…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Junfei Wu , Jian Guan , Kaituo Feng , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang , Wei Wu , Tieniu Tan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in vision-language tasks, but they continue to struggle with spatial understanding. Existing spatial MLLMs often rely on explicit 3D inputs or architecture-specific…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Hunar Batra , Haoqin Tu , Hardy Chen , Yuanze Lin , Cihang Xie , Ronald Clark

Current state-of-the-art spatial reasoning-enhanced VLMs are trained to excel at spatial visual question answering (VQA). However, we believe that higher-level 3D-aware tasks, such as articulating dynamic scene changes and motion planning,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Chenyang Ma , Kai Lu , Ta-Ying Cheng , Niki Trigoni , Andrew Markham

Space grounding refers to localizing a set of spatial references described in natural language instructions. Traditional methods often fail to account for complex reasoning -- such as distance, geometry, and inter-object relationships --…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Nayoung Oh , Dohyun Kim , Junhyeong Bang , Rohan Paul , Daehyung Park

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have rapidly advanced in visual tasks, yet their spatial understanding remains limited to single images, leaving them ill-suited for physical-world applications that require multi-frame reasoning.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Runsen Xu , Weiyao Wang , Hao Tang , Xingyu Chen , Xiaodong Wang , Fu-Jen Chu , Matt Feiszli , Kevin J. Liang

Low-rank approximations, of the weight and feature space can enhance the performance of deep learning models, whether in terms of improving generalization or reducing the latency of inference. However, there is no clear consensus yet on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Arnav Chavan , Nahush Lele , Deepak Gupta

When faced with complex spatial problems, humans naturally sketch layouts to organize their thinking, and the act of drawing further sharpens their understanding. In this work, we ask whether a similar principle holds for Large Language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Shiyuan Huang , Li Liu , Jincheng He , Leilani H. Gilpin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially improved the conversational capabilities of social robots. Nevertheless, for an intuitive and fluent human-robot interaction, robots should be able to ground the conversation by relating…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Elisabeth Menendez , Michael Gienger , Santiago Martínez , Carlos Balaguer , Anna Belardinelli

Spatial reasoning plays a vital role in both human cognition and machine intelligence, prompting new research into language models' (LMs) capabilities in this regard. However, existing benchmarks reveal shortcomings in evaluating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Fangjun Li , David C. Hogg , Anthony G. Cohn