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A serious problem in image classification is that a trained model might perform well for input data that originates from the same distribution as the data available for model training, but performs much worse for out-of-distribution (OOD)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Rajat Koner , Poulami Sinhamahapatra , Karsten Roscher , Stephan Günnemann , Volker Tresp

By design, discriminatively trained neural network classifiers produce reliable predictions only for in-distribution samples. For their real-world deployments, detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is essential. Assuming OOD to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-11 Sachin Vernekar , Ashish Gaurav , Vahdat Abdelzad , Taylor Denouden , Rick Salay , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection remains a fundamental challenge for deep neural networks, particularly due to overconfident predictions on unseen OOD samples during testing. We reveal a key insight: OOD samples predicted as the same…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Yanqi Wu , Qichao Chen , Runhe Lai , Xinhua Lu , Jia-Xin Zhuang , Zhilin Zhao , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Multi-label Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection aims to discriminate the OOD samples from the multi-label In-Distribution (ID) ones. Compared with its multiclass counterpart, it is crucial to model the joint information among classes. To…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Yuchen Sun , Qianqian Xu , Zitai Wang , Zhiyong Yang , Junwei He

Real-world machine learning applications often face simultaneous covariate and semantic shifts, challenging traditional domain generalization and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods. We introduce Meta-learned Across Domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for deploying robust and reliable machine-learning systems in open-world settings. Despite steady advances in OOD detectors, their interplay with modern training pipelines that maximize…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Gerhard Krumpl , Henning Avenhaus , Horst Possegger

The problem of out-of-distribution detection for graph classification is far from being solved. The existing models tend to be overconfident about OOD examples or completely ignore the detection task. In this work, we consider this problem…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-23 Gleb Bazhenov , Sergei Ivanov , Maxim Panov , Alexey Zaytsev , Evgeny Burnaev

Deep learning has significantly advanced the field of gastrointestinal vision, enhancing disease diagnosis capabilities. One major challenge in automating diagnosis within gastrointestinal settings is the detection of abnormal cases in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-22 Sandesh Pokhrel , Sanjay Bhandari , Eduard Vazquez , Tryphon Lambrou , Prashnna Gyawali , Binod Bhattarai

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot out-of-distribution (OOD) detection capabilities, vital for reliable AI systems. Despite this promising capability, a comprehensive understanding of (1) why…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Yuxiao Lee , Xiaofeng Cao , Wei Ye , Jiangchao Yao , Jingkuan Song , Heng Tao Shen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for deploying image classifiers in safety-sensitive environments, yet existing detectors often struggle when OOD samples are semantically similar to the in-distribution (ID) classes. We…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yuanchao Wang , Tian Qin , Eduardo Valle , Bruno Abrahao

Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection aims to justify whether a given sample is from the training distribution of the classifier-under-protection, i.e., In-Distribution (InD), or from OoD. Diffusion Models (DMs) are recently utilized in OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Kun Fang , Qinghua Tao , Zuopeng Yang , Xiaolin Huang , Jie Yang

The discrepancy between in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples can lead to \textit{distributional vulnerability} in deep neural networks, which can subsequently lead to high-confidence predictions for OOD samples. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Zhilin Zhao , Longbing Cao , Kun-Yu Lin

One critical challenge in deploying highly performant machine learning models in real-life applications is out of distribution (OOD) detection. Given a predictive model which is accurate on in distribution (ID) data, an OOD detection system…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-24 Conor Igoe , Youngseog Chung , Ian Char , Jeff Schneider

Accurate and explainable out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is required to use machine learning systems safely. Previous work has shown that feature distance to decision boundaries can be used to identify OOD data effectively. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Maria Stoica , Francesco Leofante , Alessio Lomuscio

This paper proposes a method for OOD detection. Questioning the premise of previous studies that ID and OOD samples are separated distinctly, we consider samples lying in the intermediate of the two and use them for training a network. We…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-01-08 Engkarat Techapanurak , Anh-Chuong Dang , Takayuki Okatani

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection identifies test samples that differ from the training data, which is critical to ensuring the safety and reliability of machine learning (ML) systems. While a plethora of methods have been developed to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Viet Duong , Qiong Wu , Zhengyi Zhou , Eric Zavesky , Jiahe Chen , Xiangzhou Liu , Wen-Ling Hsu , Huajie Shao

As machine learning becomes increasingly prevalent in impactful decisions, recognizing when inference data is outside the model's expected input distribution is paramount for giving context to predictions. Out-of-distribution (OOD)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Anish Lakkapragada , Amol Khanna , Edward Raff , Nathan Inkawhich

Unsupervised out-of-distribution detection (OOD) seeks to identify out-of-domain data by learning only from unlabeled in-domain data. We present a novel approach for this task - Lift, Map, Detect (LMD) - that leverages recent advancement in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 Zhenzhen Liu , Jin Peng Zhou , Yufan Wang , Kilian Q. Weinberger

We present a new methodology for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) images by utilizing norms of the score estimates at multiple noise scales. A score is defined to be the gradient of the log density with respect to the input data. Our…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-24 Ahsan Mahmood , Junier Oliva , Martin Styner

In many real-world settings, machine learning models need to identify user inputs that are out-of-domain (OOD) so as to avoid performing wrong actions. This work focuses on a challenging case of OOD detection, where no labels for in-domain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-23 Di Jin , Shuyang Gao , Seokhwan Kim , Yang Liu , Dilek Hakkani-Tur