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The increasing capabilities of large language models (LLMs) raise opportunities for artificial general intelligence but concurrently amplify safety concerns, such as potential misuse of AI systems, necessitating effective AI alignment.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Chaoqi Wang , Yibo Jiang , Chenghao Yang , Han Liu , Yuxin Chen

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values is an increasingly critical step in post-training. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a simple, yet effective alternative to reinforcement learning from human feedback…

Large language models are extensively utilized in creative writing applications. Creative writing requires a balance between subjective writing quality (e.g., literariness and emotional expression) and objective constraint following (e.g.,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Jianxing Liao , Tian Zhang , Xiao Feng , Yusong Zhang , Rui Yang , Haorui Wang , Bosi Wen , Ziying Wang , Runzhi Shi

The ability of LLMs to represent diverse perspectives is critical as they increasingly impact society. However, recent studies reveal that alignment algorithms such as RLHF and DPO significantly reduce the diversity of LLM outputs. Not only…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Stewart Slocum , Asher Parker-Sartori , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

The automatic generation of counter-speech (CS) is a critical strategy for addressing hate speech by providing constructive and informed responses. However, existing methods often fail to generate high-quality, impactful, and scalable CS,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Sahil Wadhwa , Chengtian Xu , Haoming Chen , Aakash Mahalingam , Akankshya Kar , Divya Chaudhary

Long-form text generation remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), particularly in maintaining coherence, ensuring logical consistency, and preserving text quality as sequence length increases. To address these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Yuhao Wu , Yushi Bai , Zhiqiang Hu , Juanzi Li , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Automated optimization modeling via Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising approach to assist complex human decision-making. While post-training has become a pivotal technique to enhance LLMs' capabilities in this domain,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Weiting Liu , Han Wu , Yufei Kuang , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Jianfeng Feng , Wenlian Lu

Video generation models have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-video tasks. These models are typically trained on text-video pairs with highly detailed and carefully crafted descriptions, while real-world user inputs during inference…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Jiale Cheng , Ruiliang Lyu , Xiaotao Gu , Xiao Liu , Jiazheng Xu , Yida Lu , Jiayan Teng , Zhuoyi Yang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve explicit chain-of-thought expansion by imitating deep thinking behaviors of humans, demonstrating excellent performance in complex task scenarios. However, the deep-thinking mode often leads to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Qian Wan , Ziao Xu , Luona Wei , Xiaoxuan Shen , Jianwen Sun

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on pairwise preference optimization, where annotators select the better of two responses to a prompt. While simple, this approach overlooks the opportunity to learn from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Yuxuan Tang , Yifan Feng

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for sequential recommendation by enabling natural language reasoning over user behavior sequences. A common approach formulates recommendation as a language modeling…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Yu Wang , Yonghui Yang , Le Wu , Yi Zhang , Fei Liu , Richang Hong

Recent advancements in human preference optimization, originally developed for Large Language Models (LLMs), have shown significant potential in improving text-to-image diffusion models. These methods aim to learn the distribution of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Amir Saeidi , Yiran Luo , Agneet Chatterjee , Shamanthak Hegde , Bimsara Pathiraja , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Recent advances in post-training techniques have endowed Large Language Models (LLMs) with enhanced capabilities for tackling complex, logic-intensive tasks through the generation of supplementary planning tokens. This development raises a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Pratham Singla , Shivank Garg , Ayush Singh , Ishan Garg , Ketan Suhaas Saichandran

Language model (LM) post-training (or alignment) involves maximizing a reward function that is derived from preference annotations. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a popular offline alignment method that trains a policy directly on…

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have emerged as a popular method for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. While DPO effectively preserves the relative ordering between chosen and rejected responses through…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Lin Sun , Chuang Liu , Peng Liu , Bingyang Li , Weijia Lu , Ning Wu

Through alignment with human preferences, Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced significantly in generating honest, harmless, and helpful responses. However, collecting high-quality preference data is a resource-intensive and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Qingxiu Dong , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Zhifang Sui , Furu Wei

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become a prominent method for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. While DPO has enabled significant progress in aligning English LLMs, multilingual preference alignment is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Wen Yang , Junhong Wu , Chen Wang , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Large language models are transforming the creative process by offering unprecedented capabilities to algorithmically generate ideas. While these tools can enhance human creativity when people co-create with them, it's unclear how this will…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Harsh Kumar , Jonathan Vincentius , Ewan Jordan , Ashton Anderson

Large language models are revolutionizing several areas, including artificial creativity. However, the process of generation in machines profoundly diverges from that observed in humans. In particular, machine generation is characterized by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Giorgio Franceschelli , Mirco Musolesi

Matching job descriptions (JDs) with suitable talent requires models capable of understanding not only textual similarities between JDs and candidate resumes but also contextual factors such as geographical location and academic seniority.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Yafei Zhang , Murray Wang , Yu Wang , Xiaohui Wang