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Short answer assessment is a vital component of science education, allowing evaluation of students' complex three-dimensional understanding. Large language models (LLMs) that possess human-like ability in linguistic tasks are increasingly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Yucheng Chu , Peng He , Hang Li , Haoyu Han , Kaiqi Yang , Yu Xue , Tingting Li , Joseph Krajcik , Jiliang Tang

Distractor generation (DG) remains a labor-intensive task that still significantly depends on domain experts. The task focuses on generating plausible yet incorrect options, known as distractors, for multiple-choice questions. A reliable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Elaf Alhazmi , Quan Z. Sheng , Wei Emma Zhang

In this paper, we introduce Reward-RAG, a novel approach designed to enhance the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) model through Reward-Driven Supervision. Unlike previous RAG methodologies, which focus on training language models (LMs)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Thang Nguyen , Peter Chin , Yu-Wing Tai

Generating keyphrases that summarize the main points of a document is a fundamental task in natural language processing. Although existing generative models are capable of predicting multiple keyphrases for an input document as well as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-11 Hou Pong Chan , Wang Chen , Lu Wang , Irwin King

Large language models (LLMs) have attracted great attention given their strong performance on a wide range of NLP tasks. In practice, users often expect generated texts to fall within a specific length range, making length controlled…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Renlong Jie , Xiaojun Meng , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Natural and idiomatic expressions are essential for fluent, everyday communication, yet many second-language learners struggle to acquire and spontaneously use casual slang despite strong formal proficiency. To address this gap, we designed…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Amir Tahmasbi , Milad Esrafilian , Judson Wright , Sooyeon Jeong , Aniket Bera

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to produce evidence-based responses, and its performance hinges on the matching between the retriever and LLMs. Retriever optimization has emerged as an efficient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Yicheng Zhang , Zhen Qin , Zhaomin Wu , Wenqi Zhang , Shuiguang Deng

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized lots of fields of research. Although it is well-known that fine-tuning is essential for enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, existing research suggests that there is potential redundancy in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Haoling Li , Xin Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Yifan Wang , Qi Chen , Peng Cheng

The rapid iteration and frequent updates of modern video games pose significant challenges to the efficiency and specificity of testing. Although automated playtesting methods based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise, they…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Enhong Mu , Jinyu Cai , Yijun Lu , Mingyue Zhang , Kenji Tei , Jialong Li

Traditional knowledge graph (KG) completion models learn embeddings to predict missing facts. Recent works attempt to complete KGs in a text-generation manner with large language models (LLMs). However, they need to ground the output of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Yang Liu , Xiaobin Tian , Zequn Sun , Wei Hu

Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) exhibits broad capabilities, yet, for specific tasks or domains their attainment of higher accuracy and more reliable reasoning generally depends on post-training through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Haitao Jiang , Wenbo Zhang , Jiarui Yao , Hengrui Cai , Sheng Wang , Rui Song

In this study, we explore the fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) to better support policymakers in their crucial work of understanding, analyzing, and crafting legal regulations. To equip the model with a deep understanding of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 One Octadion , Bondan Sapta Prakoso , Nanang Yudi Setiawan , Novanto Yudistira

Large language models (LLMs) typically receive diverse natural language (NL) feedback through interaction with the environment. However, current reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms rely solely on scalar rewards, leaving the rich…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Lei Huang , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Guobin Shen , Junjie Yang , Xiaocheng Feng , Yuxuan Gu , Xing Yu , Bing Qin

Recent advances in Large Language Models(LLMs) have enabled strong performance in long-form writing, but current training paradigms remain limited: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) remains constrained by data saturation and performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Xuanyu Lei , Chenliang Li , Yuning Wu , Kaiming Liu , Weizhou Shen , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Ya-Qin Zhang , Yang Liu

Designing rewards for autonomous cyber attack and defense learning agents in a complex, dynamic environment is a challenging task for subject matter experts. We propose a large language model (LLM)-based reward design approach to generate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Sayak Mukherjee , Samrat Chatterjee , Emilie Purvine , Ted Fujimoto , Tegan Emerson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed AI but often struggle with tasks that require domain-specific reasoning and logical alignment. Traditional fine-tuning methods do not leverage the vast amount of symbolic domain-knowledge…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Piyush Jha , Prithwish Jana , Pranavkrishna Suresh , Arnav Arora , Vijay Ganesh

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component of spoken dialogue and it has a significant impact both on usability and perceived quality. Most NLG systems in common use employ rules and heuristics and tend to generate rigid and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2015-08-27 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with generating non-factual responses due to limitations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Taeho Hwang , Soyeong Jeong , Sukmin Cho , SeungYoon Han , Jong C. Park

Moving from limited-domain natural language generation (NLG) to open domain is difficult because the number of semantic input combinations grows exponentially with the number of domains. Therefore, it is important to leverage existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-03-04 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young