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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive capability known as In-context Learning (ICL), which enables them to acquire knowledge from textual demonstrations without the need for parameter updates. However, many studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Yi Su , Yunpeng Tai , Yixin Ji , Juntao Li , Bowen Yan , Min Zhang

In-context learning (ICL)-the ability of transformer-based models to perform new tasks from examples provided at inference time-has emerged as a hallmark of modern language models. While recent works have investigated the mechanisms…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-04-23 Soham Bonnerjee , Zhen Wei , Yeon , Anna Asch , Sagnik Nandy , Promit Ghosal

Deep Learning shows very good performance when trained on large labeled data sets. The problem of training a deep net on a few or one sample per class requires a different learning approach which can generalize to unseen classes using only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-08-23 Jinchao Liu , Stuart J. Gibson , Margarita Osadchy

In-Context Learning (ICL) is a technique by which language models make predictions based on examples provided in their input context. Previously, their context window size imposed a limit on the number of examples that can be shown, making…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Jinheon Baek , Sun Jae Lee , Prakhar Gupta , Geunseob Oh , Siddharth Dalmia , Prateek Kolhar

Majority of the modern meta-learning methods for few-shot classification tasks operate in two phases: a meta-training phase where the meta-learner learns a generic representation by solving multiple few-shot tasks sampled from a large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-23 Qing Liu , Orchid Majumder , Alessandro Achille , Avinash Ravichandran , Rahul Bhotika , Stefano Soatto

We propose a Dynamic Scale Training paradigm (abbreviated as DST) to mitigate scale variation challenge in object detection. Previous strategies like image pyramid, multi-scale training, and their variants are aiming at preparing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-03-16 Yukang Chen , Peizhen Zhang , Zeming Li , Yanwei Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Lu Qi , Jian Sun , Jiaya Jia

Injecting world knowledge into pretrained multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is essential for domain-specific applications. Task-specific fine-tuning achieves this by tailoring MLLMs to high-quality in-domain data but encounters…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Xiao An , Jiaxing Sun , Ting Hu , Wei He

Algorithms that balance the stability-plasticity trade-off are well studied in the Continual Learning literature. However, only a few focus on obtaining models for specified trade-off preferences. When solving the problem of continual…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Pengyuan Lu , Michele Caprio , Eric Eaton , Insup Lee

One persistent challenge in LLM research is the development of attention mechanisms that are able to generalise from training on shorter contexts to inference on longer contexts. We propose two conditions that we expect all effective long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Ben Anson , Xi Wang , Laurence Aitchison

While attention-based models have demonstrated the remarkable ability of in-context learning (ICL), the theoretical understanding of how these models acquired this ability through gradient descent training is still preliminary. Towards…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Yedi Zhang , Aaditya K. Singh , Peter E. Latham , Andrew Saxe

Few-shot learning aims to recognize instances from novel classes with few labeled samples, which has great value in research and application. Although there has been a lot of work in this area recently, most of the existing work is based on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-10-14 Congqi Cao , Yajuan Li , Qinyi Lv , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Diffusion transformers have achieved remarkable success in high-quality video generation, yet their reliance on spatiotemporal 3D full attention incurs prohibitive computational cost due to the quadratic complexity of attention. Block…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Jie Hu , Zixiang Gao , Yutong He , Kun Yuan

In-context learning (ICL), which promotes inference with several demonstrations, has become a widespread paradigm to stimulate LLM capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to context length constraints, it cannot be further improved in spite…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Jiahao Li , Quan Wang , Licheng Zhang , Guoqing Jin , Zhendong Mao

FlashAttention (Dao, 2023) effectively reduces the quadratic peak memory usage to linear in training transformer-based large language models (LLMs) on a single GPU. In this paper, we introduce DISTFLASHATTN, a distributed memory-efficient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Dacheng Li , Rulin Shao , Anze Xie , Eric P. Xing , Xuezhe Ma , Ion Stoica , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Hao Zhang

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have significantly enhanced text-to-image (T2I) generation quality, enabling high-quality personalized content creation. However, fine-tuning these models requires substantial computational complexity and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Sunghyun Park , Jeongho Kim , Hyoungwoo Park , Debasmit Das , Sungrack Yun , Munawar Hayat , Jaegul Choo , Fatih Porikli , Seokeon Choi

With the increasing ability of large language models (LLMs), in-context learning (ICL) has evolved as a new paradigm for natural language processing (NLP), where instead of fine-tuning the parameters of an LLM specific to a downstream task…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Andrew Parry , Debasis Ganguly , Manish Chandra

Few-shot Learning aims to learn and distinguish new categories with a very limited number of available images, presenting a significant challenge in the realm of deep learning. Recent researchers have sought to leverage the additional…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Chunpeng Zhou , Haishuai Wang , Xilu Yuan , Zhi Yu , Jiajun Bu

The high cost of acquiring and annotating samples has made the `few-shot' learning problem of prime importance. Existing works mainly focus on improving performance on clean data and overlook robustness concerns on the data perturbed with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-04 Gaurav Kumar Nayak , Ruchit Rawal , Inder Khatri , Anirban Chakraborty

Recent work has demonstrated that transformers and linear attention models can perform in-context learning (ICL) on simple function classes, such as linear regression. In this paper, we empirically study how these two attention mechanisms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Ayush Goel , Arjun Kohli , Sarvagya Somvanshi

Implicit in-context learning (ICL) has newly emerged as a promising paradigm that simulates ICL behaviors in the representation space of Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming to attain few-shot performance at zero-shot cost. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Jiaqian Li , Yanshu Li , Ligong Han , Ruixiang Tang , Wenya Wang