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As LLM-based agents increasingly operate in high-stakes domains with real-world consequences, ensuring their behavioral safety becomes paramount. The dominant oversight paradigm, LLM-as-a-Judge, faces a fundamental dilemma: how can…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Jiayi Zhou , Yang Sheng , Hantao Lou , Yaodong Yang , Jie Fu

With generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), continuing to make inroads in healthcare, it is critical to supplement traditional automated evaluations with human evaluations. Understanding and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate relevance judgments for information retrieval (IR) tasks, often demonstrating agreement with human labels that approaches inter-human agreement. To assess the robustness and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A . Clarke

Ethical decision-making is a critical aspect of human judgment, and the growing use of LLMs in decision-support systems necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their moral reasoning capabilities. However, existing assessments primarily rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Ya Wu , Qiang Sheng , Danding Wang , Guang Yang , Yifan Sun , Zhengjia Wang , Yuyan Bu , Juan Cao

Multi-dimensional rubric-based dialogue evaluation is widely used to assess conversational AI, yet its criterion validity -- whether quality scores are associated with the downstream outcomes they are meant to serve -- remains largely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Liang Chen , Qi Liu , Wenhuan Lin , Feng Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used as automated judges, where practical value depends on both accuracy and trustworthy, risk-aware judgments. Existing approaches predominantly focus on accuracy, overlooking the necessity of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Zailong Tian , Zhuoheng Han , Yanzhe Chen , Haozhe Xu , Xi Yang , Richeng Xuan , Houfeng Wang , Lizi Liao

LLM-as-a-Judge refers to the automatic modeling of preferences for responses generated by Large Language Models (LLMs), which is of significant importance for both LLM evaluation and reward modeling. Although generative LLMs have made…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Hui Huang , Yancheng He , Hongli Zhou , Rui Zhang , Wei Liu , Weixun Wang , Jiaheng Liu , Wenbo Su

Clinical communication skills are critical in medical education, and practicing and assessing clinical communication skills on a scale is challenging. Although LLM-powered clinical scenario simulations have shown promise in enhancing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Weibing Zheng , Laurah Turner , Jess Kropczynski , Murat Ozer , Tri Nguyen , Shane Halse

General-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming widely adopted by people for mental health support. Yet emerging evidence suggests there are significant risks associated with high-frequency use, particularly for individuals…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 May Lynn Reese , Markela Zeneli , Mindy Ng , Jacob Haimes , Andreea Damien , Elizabeth Stade

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly generate and process clinical text, scalable evaluation has become critical. LLM-as-a-Judge (LaaJ), which uses LLMs to evaluate model outputs, offers a scalable alternative to costly expert…

Large language models have recently been proposed as tools for automated essay scoring, but their agreement with human grading remains unclear. In this work, we evaluate how LLM-generated scores compare with human grades and analyze the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Jerin George Mathew , Sumayya Taher , Anindita Kundu , Denilson Barbosa

Manual relevance judgements in Information Retrieval are costly and require expertise, driving interest in using Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatic assessment. While LLMs have shown promise in general web search scenarios, their…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Ratan J. Sebastian , Anett Hoppe

The emergence of powerful LLMs has led to a paradigm shift in Natural Language Understanding and Natural Language Generation. The properties that make LLMs so valuable for these tasks -- creativity, ability to produce fluent speech, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Kelsey Kraus , Margaret Kroll

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising tools for evaluating Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks, their effectiveness is limited by their inability to appropriately weigh the importance of different topics, often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-20 Wenwen Xie , Gray Gwizdz , Dongji Feng

Traditional evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems relies on human-annotated relevance labels, which can be both biased and costly at scale. In this context, large language models (LLMs) offer an alternative by allowing us to…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as evaluators, offering a scalable alternative to human annotation. However, existing supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approaches often fall short in domains that demand complex reasoning.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Nuo Chen , Zhiyuan Hu , Qingyun Zou , Jiaying Wu , Qian Wang , Bryan Hooi , Bingsheng He

When asked, large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT claim that they can assist with relevance judgments but it is not clear whether automated judgments can reliably be used in evaluations of retrieval systems. In this perspectives paper,…

LLMs (Large Language Models) are increasingly used in text processing pipelines to intelligently respond to a variety of inputs and generation tasks. This raises the possibility of replacing human roles that bottleneck existing information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Kester Clegg , Richard Hawkins , Ibrahim Habli , Tom Lawton

Multi-constraint instruction following requires verifying whether a response satisfies multiple individual requirements, yet LLM judges are often assessed only through overall-response judgments. We introduce MCJudgeBench, a benchmark for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Jaeyun Lee , Junyoung Koh , Zeynel Tok , Hunar Batra , Ronald Clark

The evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs is increasingly performed by other LLMs, a setup commonly known as "LLM-as-a-judge", or autograders. While autograders offer a scalable alternative to human evaluation, they have shown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Magda Dubois , Harry Coppock , Mario Giulianelli , Timo Flesch , Lennart Luettgau , Cozmin Ududec