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End users face a choice between privacy and efficiency in current Large Language Model (LLM) service paradigms. In cloud-based paradigms, users are forced to compromise data locality for generation quality and processing speed. Conversely,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Yiming Wang , Yu Lin , Xiaodong Zeng , Guannan Zhang

When applied directly in an end-to-end manner to medical follow-up tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffer from uncontrolled dialog flow and inaccurate information extraction due to the complexity of follow-up forms. To address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Jinyan Liu , Zikang Chen , Qinchuan Wang , Tan Xie , Heming Zheng , Xudong Lv

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on long-context processing, but expanding context windows introduces substantial computational and financial costs. Existing context reduction approaches, including retrieval and memory…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Binqi Shen , Lier Jin , Hanyu Cai , Lan Hu , Yuting Xin

The inference-time resource costs of large language and vision models present a growing challenge in production deployments. We propose the use of foundation model programs, i.e., programs that can invoke foundation models with varying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Lunyiu Nie , Zhimin Ding , Kevin Yu , Marco Cheung , Chris Jermaine , Swarat Chaudhuri

On-device large language models (LLMs), referring to running LLMs on edge devices, have raised considerable interest since they are more cost-effective, latency-efficient, and privacy-preserving compared with the cloud paradigm.…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Guanqiao Qu , Qiyuan Chen , Wei Wei , Zheng Lin , Xianhao Chen , Kaibin Huang

With the growing use of large language models (LLMs) hosted on cloud platforms to offer inference services, privacy concerns about the potential leakage of sensitive information are escalating. Secure multi-party computation (MPC) is a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Guang Yan , Yuhui Zhang , Zimu Guo , Lutan Zhao , Xiaojun Chen , Chen Wang , Wenhao Wang , Dan Meng , Rui Hou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling long texts and have almost perfect performance in traditional retrieval tasks. However, their performance significantly degrades when it comes to numerical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Yijiong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on many NLP tasks, but fine-tuning them on resource-constrained mobile devices is challenging due to high memory and computation costs, despite growing demands for privacy-preserving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 He Sun , Jinrui Zhou , Li Li , Mingjun Xiao

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates a deep understanding of their fundamental performance limits. This paper investigates the limits of LLM inference, focusing on hardware-imposed bottlenecks in…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Michael Davies , Neal Crago , Karthikeyan Sankaralingam , Christos Kozyrakis

This paper investigates whether Large Language Models (LLMs), fine-tuned on synthetic but domain-representative data, can perform the twofold task of (i) slot and intent detection and (ii) natural language response generation for a smart…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Rune Birkmose , Nathan Mørkeberg Reece , Esben Hofstedt Norvin , Johannes Bjerva , Mike Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an essential infrastructure for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), yet their lack of well-defined memory management systems hinders the development of long-context reasoning, continual…

When solving challenging problems, language models (LMs) are able to identify relevant information from long and complicated contexts. To study how LMs solve retrieval tasks in diverse situations, we introduce ORION, a collection of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Alexandre Variengien , Eric Winsor

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are undergoing rapid progress and represent the frontier of AI development. However, their training and inference efficiency have emerged as a core bottleneck in making MLLMs more accessible and…

Large language models (LLMs), based on transformer architectures, have revolutionized numerous domains within artificial intelligence, science, and engineering due to their exceptional scalability and adaptability. However, the exponential…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 Wenzhe Guo , Joyjit Kundu , Uras Tos , Weijiang Kong , Giuliano Sisto , Timon Evenblij , Manu Perumkunnil

As AI moves beyond text, large language models (LLMs) increasingly power vision, audio, and document understanding; however, their high inference costs hinder real-time, scalable deployment. Conversely, smaller open-source models offer cost…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Mayank Saini , Arit Kumar Bishwas

Many leading language models (LMs) use high-intensity computational resources both during training and execution. This poses the challenge of lowering resource costs for deployment and faster execution of decision-making tasks among others.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Zhixun Chen , Yali Du , David Mguni

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent model training paradigm in which client devices collaboratively train a model without ever aggregating their data. Crucially, this scheme offers users potential privacy and security benefits by only ever…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Raja Vavekanand , Kira Sam

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in adopting large language models (LLMs) for Register Transfer Level (RTL) code optimization. While powerful cloud-based LLMs offer superior optimization capabilities, they pose unacceptable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Jing Wang , Zheng Li , Lei Li , Fan He , Liyu Lin , Yao Lai , Yan Li , Xiaoyang Zeng , Yufeng Guo

Recent research in federated large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on enabling clients to fine-tune their locally deployed homogeneous LLMs collaboratively or on transferring knowledge from server-based LLMs to small language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yan Kang , Hanlin Gu , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang