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Modern autoregressive models rely on attention, yet the Softmax full attention in Transformers scales quadratically with sequence length. Sliding Window Attention (SWA) achieves linear-time encoding/decoding by constraining the attention…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Jiaxu Liu , Yuhe Bai , Xiangyu Yin , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

Scaling the context length of large language models (LLMs) offers significant benefits but is computationally expensive. This expense stems primarily from the self-attention mechanism, whose $O(N^2)$ complexity with respect to sequence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Xinghao Wang , Pengyu Wang , Dong Zhang , Chenkun Tan , Shaojun Zhou , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian , Fangxu Liu , Kai Song , Xipeng Qiu

Transformers are mostly relying on softmax attention, which introduces quadratic complexity with respect to sequence length and remains a major bottleneck for efficient inference. Prior work on linear or hybrid attention typically replaces…

Designing sparse attention for diffusion transformers requires reconciling two-dimensional spatial locality with GPU efficiency, a trade-off that current methods struggle to achieve. Existing approaches enforce two-dimensional spatial…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Shaoyi Zheng , Wenbo Lu , Yuxuan Xia , Haomin Liu , Shengjie Wang

Many sparse attention mechanisms such as Neighborhood Attention have typically failed to consistently deliver speedup over the self attention baseline. This is largely due to the level of complexity in attention infrastructure, and the…

An efficient attention implementation is essential for large models due to its quadratic time complexity. Fortunately, attention commonly exhibits sparsity, i.e., many values in the attention map are near zero, allowing for the omission of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Jintao Zhang , Chendong Xiang , Haofeng Huang , Jia Wei , Haocheng Xi , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

The recently proposed Forgetting Transformer (FoX) incorporates a forget gate into softmax attention and has shown consistently better or on-par performance compared to the standard RoPE-based Transformer. Notably, many attention heads in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Zhixuan Lin , Johan Obando-Ceron , Xu Owen He , Aaron Courville

Transformer models rely on High-Performance Computing (HPC) resources for inference, where soft errors are inevitable in large-scale systems, making the reliability of the model particularly critical. Existing fault tolerance frameworks for…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Huangliang Dai , Shixun Wu , Jiajun Huang , Zizhe Jian , Yue Zhu , Haiyang Hu , Zizhong Chen

Aligning general-purpose large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks often incurs significant training adjustment costs. Prior research has explored various avenues to enhance alignment efficiency, primarily through minimal-data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Hao Chen , Haoze Li , Zhiqing Xiao , Lirong Gao , Qi Zhang , Xiaomeng Hu , Ningtao Wang , Xing Fu , Junbo Zhao

Diffusion models have recently gained state of the art performance on many image generation tasks. However, most models require significant computational resources to achieve this. This becomes apparent in the application of medical image…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Karan Jain , Mohammad Nayeem Teli

Transformer networks have emerged as the state-of-the-art approach for natural language processing tasks and are gaining popularity in other domains such as computer vision and audio processing. However, the efficient hardware acceleration…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Gamze İslamoğlu , Moritz Scherer , Gianna Paulin , Tim Fischer , Victor J. B. Jung , Angelo Garofalo , Luca Benini

The transformer architecture has driven breakthroughs in recent years on tasks which require modeling pairwise relationships between sequential elements, as is the case in natural language understanding. However, long seqeuences pose a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Heejun Lee , Jina Kim , Jeffrey Willette , Sung Ju Hwang

FlashAttention-style online softmax enables exact attention computation with linear memory by streaming score tiles through on-chip memory and maintaining a running maximum and normalizer. However, as attention kernels approach peak…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Yupeng Sun , Yanzhao Li , Zhiqiang Zou , Bai Du , Zhiyuan Zhang , Hui Dong , Gaoyige Fan , Hui Wang

Diffusion models demonstrate outstanding performance in image generation, but their multi-step inference mechanism requires immense computational cost. Previous works accelerate inference by leveraging layer or token cache techniques to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Haowei Zhu , Ji Liu , Ziqiong Liu , Dong Li , Junhai Yong , Bin Wang , Emad Barsoum

Recently, numerous efficient Transformers have been proposed to reduce the quadratic computational complexity of standard Transformers caused by the Softmax attention. However, most of them simply swap Softmax with an efficient attention…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-07-29 Zexiang Liu , Dong Li , Kaiyue Lu , Zhen Qin , Weixuan Sun , Jiacheng Xu , Yiran Zhong

Transformer-based models dominate modern AI workloads but exacerbate memory bottlenecks due to their quadratic attention complexity and ever-growing model sizes. Existing accelerators, such as Groq and Cerebras, mitigate off-chip traffic…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Jinxin Yu , Yudong Pan , Mengdi Wang , Huawei Li , Yinhe Han , Xiaowei Li , Ying Wang

Sparse-Linear Attention (SLA) combines sparse and linear attention to accelerate diffusion models and has shown strong performance in video generation. However, (i) SLA relies on a heuristic split that assigns computations to the sparse or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Jintao Zhang , Haoxu Wang , Kai Jiang , Kaiwen Zheng , Youhe Jiang , Ion Stoica , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Attention-based Transformers have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and shown strong performance in computer vision (CV) tasks. However, as the input sequence varies, the computational bottlenecks in Transformer models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Huizheng Wang , Hongbin Wang , Shaojun Wei , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin

To address the high resolution of image pixels, the Swin Transformer introduces window attention. This mechanism divides an image into non-overlapping windows and restricts attention computation to within each window, significantly…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Zhendong Zhang

Token pruning methods for Vision Transformers (ViTs) promise quadratic reductions in attention FLOPs by dropping uninformative patches. Yet standard variable-length attention APIs -- including FlashAttention-2's varlen and PyTorch's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Seifeldin Abdellatif , Ahmad Almasri