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Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs), defined as fluent yet incorrect or incoherent outputs, pose a significant challenge to the automatic generation of educational multiple-choice questions (MCQs). We identified four key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Nicholas X. Wang , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

An abundance of datasets and availability of reliable evaluation metrics have resulted in strong progress in factoid question answering (QA). This progress, however, does not easily transfer to the task of long-form QA, where the goal is to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-24 Ivan Stelmakh , Yi Luan , Bhuwan Dhingra , Ming-Wei Chang

Despite demonstrating impressive capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) still often struggle to accurately express the factual knowledge they possess, especially in cases where the LLMs' knowledge boundaries are ambiguous. To improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Boyang Xue , Fei Mi , Qi Zhu , Hongru Wang , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Erxin Yu , Xuming Hu , Kam-Fai Wong

Hallucinations are outputs by Large Language Models (LLMs) that are factually incorrect yet appear plausible [1]. This paper investigates how such hallucinations influence users' trust in LLMs and users' interaction with LLMs. To explore…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Adrian Ryser , Florian Allwein , Tim Schlippe

Query expansion (QE) enhances retrieval by incorporating relevant terms, with large language models (LLMs) offering an effective alternative to traditional rule-based and statistical methods. However, LLM-based QE suffers from a fundamental…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Kenya Abe , Kunihiro Takeoka , Makoto P. Kato , Masafumi Oyamada

Language models (LMs) often struggle to pay enough attention to the input context, and generate texts that are unfaithful or contain hallucinations. To mitigate this issue, we present context-aware decoding (CAD), which follows a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-25 Weijia Shi , Xiaochuang Han , Mike Lewis , Yulia Tsvetkov , Luke Zettlemoyer , Scott Wen-tau Yih

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved a degree of success in generating coherent and contextually relevant text, yet they remain prone to a significant challenge known as hallucination: producing information that is not substantiated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Ray Li , Tanishka Bagade , Kevin Martinez , Flora Yasmin , Grant Ayala , Michael Lam , Kevin Zhu

Large language models are successful in answering factoid questions but are also prone to hallucination. We investigate the phenomenon of LLMs possessing correct answer knowledge yet still hallucinating from the perspective of inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Che Jiang , Biqing Qi , Xiangyu Hong , Dayuan Fu , Yang Cheng , Fandong Meng , Mo Yu , Bowen Zhou , Jie Zhou

We propose a benchmark to assess the capability of large language models to reason with conventional metaphors. Our benchmark combines the previously isolated topics of metaphor detection and commonsense reasoning into a single task that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Iulia-Maria Comsa , Julian Martin Eisenschlos , Srini Narayanan

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit Context Faithfulness Hallucinations, where outputs deviate from retrieved information due to incomplete context integration. Our analysis reveals a strong correlation between token-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yanwen Huang , Yong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Zhitao Li , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

Hallucination is often viewed as a direct consequence of missing knowledge: a model answers incorrectly when the correct answer is absent from its generation-time distribution, and correctly when it is present. We test this assumption by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Jewon Yeom , Jaewon Sok , Heejun Kim , Seonghyeon Park , Jeongjae Park , Taesup Kim

In recent years, large-scale language models (LLMs) have gained attention for their impressive text generation capabilities. However, these models often face the challenge of "hallucination," which undermines their reliability. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yuchen Yang , Houqiang Li , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing information retrieval, with chatbots becoming an important source for answering user queries. As by their design, LLMs prioritize generating correct answers, the value of highly plausible yet…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Jamshid Mozafari , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Bhawna Piryani , Adam Jatowt

Large pre-trained language models have demonstrated their proficiency in storing factual knowledge within their parameters and achieving remarkable results when fine-tuned for downstream natural language processing tasks. Nonetheless, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Konstantinos Andriopoulos , Johan Pouwelse

While Large Language Models have transformed how we interact with AI systems, they suffer from a critical flaw: they confidently generate false information that sounds entirely plausible. This hallucination problem has become a major…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Piyushkumar Patel

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce fluent but factually incorrect responses, a phenomenon known as hallucination. Abstention, where the model chooses not to answer and instead outputs phrases such as "I don't know", is a common…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Vy Nguyen , Ziqi Xu , Jeffrey Chan , Estrid He , Feng Xia , Xiuzhen Zhang

In-context learning has emerged as a groundbreaking ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) and revolutionized various fields by providing a few task-relevant demonstrations in the prompt. However, trustworthy issues with LLM's response,…

Can Large Language Models (LLMs) be trained to avoid hallucinating factual statements, and can Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) be triggered only when necessary to reduce retrieval and computation costs? In this work, we address both…

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to possess impressive capabilities, while also raising crucial concerns about the faithfulness of their responses. A primary issue arising in this context is the management of (un)answerable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Aviv Slobodkin , Omer Goldman , Avi Caciularu , Ido Dagan , Shauli Ravfogel

In interactions between users and language model agents, user utterances frequently exhibit ellipsis (omission of words or phrases) or imprecision (lack of exactness) to prioritize efficiency. This can lead to varying interpretations of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Hyuhng Joon Kim , Youna Kim , Cheonbok Park , Junyeob Kim , Choonghyun Park , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-goo Lee , Taeuk Kim