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The Tsetlin Machine (TM) is a machine learning algorithm founded on the classical Tsetlin Automaton (TA) and game theory. It further leverages frequent pattern mining and resource allocation principles to extract common patterns in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-08 Saeed Rahimi Gorji , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Sondre Glimsdal , Jonathan Edwards , Morten Goodwin

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have obtained astounding successes for important pattern recognition tasks, but they suffer from high computational complexity and the lack of interpretability. The recent Tsetlin Machine (TM) attempts…

This paper introduces the first implementation of digital Tsetlin Machines (TMs) on flexible integrated circuit (FlexIC) using Pragmatic's 600nm IGZO-based FlexIC technology. TMs, known for their energy efficiency, interpretability, and…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-20 Yushu Qin , Marcos L. L. Sartori , Shengyu Duan , Emre Ozer , Rishad Shafik , Alex Yakovlev

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) offers high-speed inference on resource-constrained devices such as CPUs. Its logic-driven operations naturally lend themselves to parallel execution on modern CPU architectures. Motivated by this, we propose an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Yefan Zeng , Shengyu Duan , Rishad Shafik , Alex Yakovlev

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) has recently attracted attention as a low-power alternative to neural networks due to its simple and interpretable inference mechanisms. However, its performance on speech-related tasks remains limited. This paper…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Baizhou Lin , Yuetong Fang , Renjing Xu , Rishad Shafik , Jagmohan Chauhan

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) has achieved competitive results on several image classification benchmarks, including MNIST, K-MNIST, F-MNIST, and CIFAR-2. However, color image classification is arguably still in its infancy for TMs, with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Ylva Grønningsæter , Halvor S. Smørvik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Using logical clauses to represent patterns, Tsetlin Machines (TMs) have recently obtained competitive performance in terms of accuracy, memory footprint, energy, and learning speed on several benchmarks. Each TM clause votes for or against…

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) is an interpretable mechanism for pattern recognition that constructs conjunctive clauses from data. The clauses capture frequent patterns with high discriminating power, providing increasing expression power with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-15 Adrian Phoulady , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Saeed Rahimi Gorji , Hady Ahmady Phoulady

The recently introduced Tsetlin Machine (TM) has provided competitive pattern classification accuracy in several benchmarks, composing patterns with easy-to-interpret conjunctive clauses in propositional logic. In this paper, we go beyond…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-25 K. Darshana Abeyrathna , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Lei Jiao , Morten Goodwin

Using finite-state machines to learn patterns, Tsetlin machines (TMs) have obtained competitive accuracy and learning speed across several benchmarks, with frugal memory- and energy footprint. A TM represents patterns as conjunctive clauses…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-08-18 Sondre Glimsdal , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

The recently introduced Tsetlin Machine (TM) has provided competitive pattern recognition accuracy in several benchmarks, however, requires a 3-dimensional hyperparameter search. In this paper, we introduce the Multigranular Tsetlin Machine…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-17 Saeed Rahimi Gorji , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Adrian Phoulady , Morten Goodwin

Embedding models in natural language processing (NLP) increasingly rely on deep architectures such as BERT, while simpler models such as Word2Vec provide efficient representations but limited interpretability. The Tsetlin Machine (TM)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Mayur Kishor Shende

Tsetlin machine (TM) is a logic-based machine learning approach with the crucial advantages of being transparent and hardware-friendly. While TMs match or surpass deep learning accuracy for an increasing number of applications, large clause…

Feature Selection (FS) is crucial for improving model interpretability, reducing complexity, and sometimes for enhancing accuracy. The recently introduced Tsetlin machine (TM) offers interpretable clause-based learning, but lacks…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Vojtech Halenka , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Lei Jiao , Per-Arne Andersen

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) is a novel machine learning algorithm with several distinct properties, including transparent inference and learning using hardware-near building blocks. Although numerous papers explore the TM empirically, many of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-08 Lei Jiao , Xuan Zhang , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , K. Darshana Abeyrathna

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) applications impose uJ/Inference constraints, with a maximum power consumption of tens of mW. It is extremely challenging to meet these requirements at a reasonable accuracy level. This work addresses the…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-12-02 Moritz Scherer , Alfio Di Mauro , Tim Fischer , Georg Rutishauser , Luca Benini

System-on-Chip Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (SoC-FPGAs) offer significant throughput gains for machine learning (ML) edge inference applications via the design of co-processor accelerator systems. However, the design effort for training…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Tousif Rahman , Gang Mao , Sidharth Maheshwari , Rishad Shafik , Alex Yakovlev

This paper presents a programmable in-memory-computing processor, demonstrated in a 65nm CMOS technology. For data-centric workloads, such as deep neural networks, data movement often dominates when implemented with today's computing…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-09-17 Hongyang Jia , Yinqi Tang , Hossein Valavi , Jintao Zhang , Naveen Verma

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) is a recent machine learning algorithm with several distinct properties, such as interpretability, simplicity, and hardware-friendliness. Although numerous empirical evaluations report on its performance, the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-10-12 Xuan Zhang , Lei Jiao , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Morten Goodwin

Tsetlin Machines (TMs) have garnered increasing interest for their ability to learn concepts via propositional formulas and their proven efficiency across various application domains. Despite this, the convergence proof for the TMs,…

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