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In single-agent Markov decision processes, an agent can optimize its policy based on the interaction with environment. In multi-player Markov games (MGs), however, the interaction is non-stationary due to the behaviors of other players, so…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-10-19 Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Mengchen Zhao , Dong Li

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms often suffer from an exponential sample complexity dependence on the number of agents, a phenomenon known as \emph{the curse of multiagents}. In this paper, we address this challenge by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-01 Weichao Mao , Lin F. Yang , Kaiqing Zhang , Tamer Başar

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown promising results across several domains. Despite this promise, MARL policies often lack robustness and are therefore sensitive to small changes in their environment. This presents a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Alexander Bukharin , Yan Li , Yue Yu , Qingru Zhang , Zhehui Chen , Simiao Zuo , Chao Zhang , Songan Zhang , Tuo Zhao

Repeated games consider a situation where multiple agents are motivated by their independent rewards throughout learning. In general, the dynamics of their learning become complex. Especially when their rewards compete with each other like…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Yuma Fujimoto , Kaito Ariu , Kenshi Abe

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) provides an efficient way for simultaneously learning policies for multiple agents interacting with each other. However, in scenarios requiring complex interactions, existing algorithms can suffer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-08 Xiaobai Ma , David Isele , Jayesh K. Gupta , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Training a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) model with a sparse reward is generally difficult because numerous combinations of interactions among agents induce a certain outcome (i.e., success or failure). Earlier studies have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-08 Heechang Ryu , Hayong Shin , Jinkyoo Park

One of the notorious issues for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is poor sample efficiency. Compared to single agent RL, the sample efficiency for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is more challenging because of its inherent partial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Linjie Xu , Zichuan Liu , Alexander Dockhorn , Diego Perez-Liebana , Jinyu Wang , Lei Song , Jiang Bian

We study the connection between the evolutionary replicator dynamics and the number of Nash equilibria in large random bi-matrix games. Using techniques of disordered systems theory we compute the statistical properties of both, the fixed…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2015-06-26 Tobias Galla

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved significant progress in large-scale traffic control, autonomous vehicles, and robotics. Drawing inspiration from biological systems where roles naturally emerge to enable coordination,…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Harsh Goel , Mohammad Omama , Behdad Chalaki , Vaishnav Tadiparthi , Ehsan Moradi Pari , Sandeep Chinchali

Multi-agent imitation learning (MA-IL) aims to learn optimal policies from expert demonstrations of interactions in multi-agent interactive domains. Despite existing guarantees on the performance of the resulting learned policies,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Antoine Bergerault , Volkan Cevher , Negar Mehr

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in cooperative tasks, demonstrating impressive performance and scalability. However, deploying MARL agents in real-world applications presents critical safety…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Zeyang Li , Navid Azizan

The thriving field of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) studies how a group of interacting agents make decisions autonomously in a shared dynamic environment. Existing theoretical studies in this area suffer from at least two of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Na Li , Yuchen Jiao , Hangguan Shan , Shefeng Yan

This paper considers the challenging tasks of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) under partial observability, where each agent only sees her own individual observations and actions that reveal incomplete information about the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-18 Qinghua Liu , Csaba Szepesvári , Chi Jin

Nash equilibria provide a principled framework for modeling interactions in multi-agent decision-making and control. However, many equilibrium-seeking methods implicitly assume that each agent has access to the other agents' objectives and…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Mahdis Rabbani , Navid Mojahed , Shima Nazari

Self-play, a learning paradigm where agents iteratively refine their policies by interacting with historical or concurrent versions of themselves or other evolving agents, has shown remarkable success in solving complex non-cooperative…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Ruize Zhang , Zelai Xu , Chengdong Ma , Chao Yu , Wei-Wei Tu , Wenhao Tang , Shiyu Huang , Deheng Ye , Wenbo Ding , Yaodong Yang , Yu Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is often modeled using the framework of Markov games (also called stochastic games or dynamic games). Most of the existing literature on MARL concentrates on zero-sum Markov games but is not…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2022-12-20 Jayakumar Subramanian , Amit Sinha , Aditya Mahajan

Cybersecurity defense involves interactions between adversarial parties (namely defenders and hackers), making multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) an ideal approach for modeling and learning strategies for these scenarios. This paper…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Qintong Xie , Edward Koh , Xavier Cadet , Peter Chin

In cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), it is a common practice to tune hyperparameters in ideal simulated environments to maximize cooperative performance. However, policies tuned for cooperation often fail to maintain…

We present a framework for computing approximate mixed-strategy Nash equilibria of continuous-action games. It is a modification of the traditional double oracle algorithm, extended to multiple players and continuous action spaces. Unlike…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm