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The rapid rise of Language Models (LMs) has expanded the capabilities of natural language processing, powering applications from text generation to complex decision-making. While state-of-the-art LMs often boast hundreds of billions of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Maximilian Abstreiter , Sasu Tarkoma , Roberto Morabito

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has been gaining popularity for the deployment of deep neural networks on resource-limited devices since unlike quantization-aware training, neither a full training dataset nor end-to-end training is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Jung Hyun Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , Se Jung Kwon , Dongsoo Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse language tasks. But their deployment is often constrained by their substantial computational and storage requirements. Quantization has emerged as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-24 Pranav Ajit Nair , Arun Sai Suggala

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on edge devices. To meet strict resource constraints, real-world deployment has pushed LLM quantization from 8-bit to 4-bit, 2-bit, and now 1.58-bit. Combined with lookup table…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Xiangyu Li , Chengyu Yin , Weijun Wang , Jianyu Wei , Ting Cao , Yunxin Liu

We introduce LogQuant, a groundbreaking 2-bit quantization technique for KV Cache in large language model (LLM) inference, delivering substantial memory savings while preserving superior performance. Previous methods either assume that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Han Chen , Zicong Jiang , Zining Zhang , Bingsheng He , Pingyi Luo , Mian Lu , Yuqiang Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable at small parameter scales. At the same time, conventional cloud-centric deployment introduces challenges around data privacy, latency, and cost that are acute in operational…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Harri Renney , Fouad Trad , Michael Mattarock , Zena Wood

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) pretraining have led to high-quality LLMs with impressive abilities. By compressing such LLMs via quantization to 3-4 bits per parameter, they can fit into memory-limited devices such as laptops…

Despite the superior performance, Large Language Models~(LLMs) require significant computational resources for deployment and use. To overcome this issue, quantization methods have been widely applied to reduce the memory footprint of LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-27 Peiyu Liu , Zikang Liu , Ze-Feng Gao , Dawei Gao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Ji-Rong Wen

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is frequently hindered by prohibitive memory and computational requirements. While quantization mitigates these bottlenecks, maintaining model fidelity in the sub-1-bit regime remains a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Banseok Lee , Dongkyu Kim , Youngcheon You , Youngmin Kim

Quantization is a widely-used compression technology to reduce the overhead of serving large language models (LLMs) on terminal devices and in cloud data centers. However, prevalent quantization methods, such as 8-bit weight-activation or…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Lian Liu , Haimeng Ren , Long Cheng , Zhaohui Xu , Yudong Pan , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Training modern LLMs is extremely resource intensive, and customizing them for various deployment scenarios characterized by limited compute and memory resources through repeated training is impractical. In this paper, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Ruisi Cai , Saurav Muralidharan , Greg Heinrich , Hongxu Yin , Zhangyang Wang , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov

Despite the proliferation of diverse hardware accelerators (e.g., NPU, TPU, DPU), deploying deep learning models on edge devices with fixed-point hardware is still challenging due to complex model quantization and conversion. Existing model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-07 Manasa Manohara , Sankalp Dayal , Tariq Afzal , Rahul Bakshi , Kahkuen Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial resource requirements. While low-bit quantized weights can reduce memory usage and improve inference efficiency, current hardware lacks native…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Pengxiang Zhao , Xiaoming Yuan

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced AI capabilities but pose considerable challenges for deployment on edge devices due to high computational demands, memory bandwidth constraints, and energy…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Maoyang Xiang , Ramesh Fernando , Bo Wang

Adapting language models to new data distributions by simple finetuning is challenging. This is due to the rigidity of their subword tokenizers, which typically remain unchanged during adaptation. This inflexibility often leads to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Abraham Toluwase Owodunni , Orevaoghene Ahia , Sachin Kumar

With the breakthrough progress of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing and multimodal tasks, efficiently deploying them on resource-constrained edge devices has become a critical challenge. The Mixture of Experts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Tuo Zhang , Ning Li , Xin Yuan , Wenchao Xu , Quan Chen , Song Guo , Haijun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) with chain-of-thought reasoning achieve state-of-the-art performance across complex problem-solving tasks, but their verbose reasoning traces and large context requirements make them impractical for edge…

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable results for a wide range of tasks. However, deploying these models for inference has been a significant challenge due to their unprecedented resource requirements. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Sehoon Kim , Coleman Hooper , Amir Gholami , Zhen Dong , Xiuyu Li , Sheng Shen , Michael W. Mahoney , Kurt Keutzer

Quantization followed by parameter-efficient fine-tuning has emerged as a promising paradigm for downstream adaptation under tight GPU memory constraints. However, this sequential pipeline fails to leverage the intricate interaction between…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Changhai Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Yuhua Zhou , Qian Qiao , Jun Gao , Cheng Jin , Kaizhou Qin , Weizhong Zhang

The advent of large language models (LLMs) revolutionized natural language processing applications, and running LLMs on edge devices has become increasingly attractive for reasons including reduced latency, data localization, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Jiajun Xu , Zhiyuan Li , Wei Chen , Qun Wang , Xin Gao , Qi Cai , Ziyuan Ling