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The article demonstrates the nontrivial manifestation of quantum shell effects in a compressed mesoscopic system. It is shown that there are two spatial scales in the distribution of degenerate electrons in a spherical well. The first scale…

Metallic nanoclusters displaying electronic shell structure exhibit the special feature of a correlation between their geometry and the number of delocalized electrons . Their shape evolution can be described as a quantum oscillation…

The magnetic susceptibility of electrons confined to a spherical cavity or a circular billiard shows slow oscillations as a function of the number of electrons, which are a new manifestation of the Super Shell Structure found in the free…

Quantum shape effect appears under the size-invariant shape transformations of strongly confined structures. Such a transformation distinctively influences the thermodynamic properties of confined particles. Due to their characteristic…

We present the results of self-consistent calculations of the electronic shell and supershell structure for clusters having up to 6000 valence electrons. The ionic background is described in terms of a homogeneous jellium. The calculations…

To understand the electronic shell- and supershell-structure in large metal clusters we have performed self-consistent calculations in the homogeneous, spherical jellium model for a variety of different materials. A scaling analysis of the…

Correspondences between the Thomson Problem and atomic electron shell-filling patterns are observed as systematic non-uniformities in the distribution of potential energy necessary to change configurations of $N\le 100$ electrons into…

Flat bands result in a divergent density of states and high sensitivity to interactions in physical systems. While such bands are well known in systems under magnetic fields, their realization and behavior in zero-field settings remain…

The existence of shell structure and the accompanying high degeneracy of electronic levels leads to the possibility of strong superconducting pairing in metallic nanoclusters with N~100-1000 delocalized electrons. The most favorable cases…

The computational and theoretical analysis carried out in this article demonstrates the existence of a nontrivial mechanism for the compression of a submicron-sized gas bubble formed by a gas of classical ions and a gas of degenerate…

The quantum states of a system of particles in a finite spatial domain in general consist of a set of discrete energy eigenvalues; these are usually grouped into bunches of degenerate or close-lying levels, called shells. In fermionic…

Motivated by recent experiments on Al nanoparticles, we have studied the effects of fixed electron number and small size in nanoscale superconductors, by applying the canonical BCS theory for the attractive Hubbard model in two and three…

An oscillatory pattern in the smoothed quantum spectrum, which is unique for single-particle motions in a reflection-asymmetric superdeformed oscillator potential, is investigated by means of the semiclassical theory of shell structure.…

This article reviews the static and dynamic properties of spontaneous superstructures formed by electrons. Representations of such electronic crystals are charge density waves and spin density waves in inorganic as well as organic low…

Inhomogeneous charge distributions have important repercussions on electrostatic interactions in systems of charged particles but are often difficult to examine theoretically. We investigate how electrostatic interactions are influenced by…

The paper presents the results of the experimental study of polarization bremsstrahlung profile halfwidth performed on free xenon clusters with various atom numbers. We used 0.7- and 0.3-keV electrons to excite mainly the core and the…

A semiclassical approach for calculating shell effects, that has been used in atomic and plasma physics, is applied to describe the electronic supershells in metal clusters. Using the spherical jellium model we give the analytical…

This short review presents a few case studies of finite electron systems for which strong correlations play a dominant role. In simple metal clusters, the valence electrons determine stability and shape of the clusters. The ionic skeleton…

We determine the wavefunctions of electrons bound to a positively charged mesoscopic metallic cluster covered by an insulating surface layer. The radius of the metal core and the thickness of the insulating surface layer are of the order of…

The unusual properties of two-dimensional electron systems that give rise to the quantum Hall effect have prompted the development of new microscopic models for electrical conduction. The bulk properties of the quantum Hall effect have also…