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Frontier large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-5, Claude 4.5, Gemini 3, Llama 4, and DeepSeek-R1, represent a transformative class of AI tools capable of revolutionizing various aspects of healthcare by generating human-like responses…

Generative AI, including large language models (LLMs) have the potential -- and already are being used -- to increase the speed, scale, and types of unsafe conversations online. LLMs lower the barrier for entry for bad actors to create…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Owen Hoffman , Kangze Peng , Zehua You , Sajid Kamal , Sukrit Venkatagiri

Assistive agents should not only take actions on behalf of a human, but also step out of the way and cede control when there are important decisions to be made. However, current methods for building assistive agents, whether via mimicking…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Evan Ellis , Vivek Myers , Jens Tuyls , Sergey Levine , Anca Dragan , Benjamin Eysenbach

Large Language Model (LLM) agents significantly extend the capabilities of standalone LLMs, empowering them to interact with external tools (e.g., APIs, functions) and complete various tasks in a self-directed fashion. The challenge of tool…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-19 Weizhou Shen , Chenliang Li , Hongzhan Chen , Ming Yan , Xiaojun Quan , Hehong Chen , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang

The growing demand for accessible mental health support requires training more counselors, yet existing approaches remain resource-intensive and difficult to scale. LLMs can realistically simulate patients and generate actionable feedback…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Ryan Louie , Raj Sanjay Shah , Ifdita Hasan Orney , Juan Pablo Pacheco , Emma Brunskill , Diyi Yang

Collecting large amounts of real-world interaction data to train general robotic policies is often prohibitively expensive, thus motivating the use of simulation data. However, existing methods for data generation have generally focused on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Lirui Wang , Yiyang Ling , Zhecheng Yuan , Mohit Shridhar , Chen Bao , Yuzhe Qin , Bailin Wang , Huazhe Xu , Xiaolong Wang

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are currently state-of-the-art for solving the vast majority of natural language processing tasks. While many real-world applications still require fine-tuning to reach satisfactory levels of…

Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment to ensure safe conversations with humans. However, this paper introduces a training-free attack method capable of reversing safety alignment, converting the outcomes of stronger…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Zhichen Dong , Jiaheng Liu , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

Transferring policies learned in simulation to the real world is a promising strategy for acquiring robot skills at scale. However, sim-to-real approaches typically rely on manual design and tuning of the task reward function as well as the…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Yecheng Jason Ma , William Liang , Hung-Ju Wang , Sam Wang , Yuke Zhu , Linxi Fan , Osbert Bastani , Dinesh Jayaraman

When users submit queries to Large Language Models (LLMs), their prompts can often contain sensitive data, forcing a difficult choice: Send the query to a powerful proprietary LLM providers to achieving state-of-the-art performance and risk…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Zheng Hui , Yijiang River Dong , Sanhanat Sivapiromrat , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

The shortage of clinical workforce presents significant challenges in mental healthcare, limiting access to formal diagnostics and services. We aim to tackle this shortage by integrating a customized large language model (LLM) into the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Sichang Tu , Abigail Powers , Natalie Merrill , Negar Fani , Sierra Carter , Stephen Doogan , Jinho D. Choi

Recently, Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks. However, despite their success across various tasks, no prior work has investigated their capability in the biomedical domain yet.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 Israt Jahan , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Chun Peng , Jimmy Huang

Workforce optimization plays a crucial role in efficient organizational operations where decision-making may span several different administrative and time scales. For instance, dispatching personnel to immediate service requests while…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Kareem Eissa , Rayal Prasad , Sarith Mohan , Ankur Kapoor , Dorin Comaniciu , Vivek Singh

Large Language Models (LLMs) are conversational interfaces. As such, LLMs have the potential to assist their users not only when they can fully specify the task at hand, but also to help them define, explore, and refine what they need…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-12 Philippe Laban , Hiroaki Hayashi , Yingbo Zhou , Jennifer Neville

Background and motivation: Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) is a rapidly developing field. Historically most application has been made to games (such as chess, Atari games, and go). Deep RL is now reaching the stage where it may offer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-14 Michael Allen , Kerry Pearn , Tom Monks

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become extremely potent instruments with exceptional capacities for comprehending and producing human-like text in a wide range of applications. However, the increasing size and complexity of LLMs present…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Yingbing Huang , Lily Jiaxin Wan , Hanchen Ye , Manvi Jha , Jinghua Wang , Yuhong Li , Xiaofan Zhang , Deming Chen

As large language models (LLMs) see wider real-world use, understanding and mitigating their unsafe behaviors is critical. Interpretation techniques can reveal causes of unsafe outputs and guide safety, but such connections with safety are…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Seongmin Lee , Aeree Cho , Grace C. Kim , ShengYun Peng , Mansi Phute , Duen Horng Chau

Large language models (LLMs) have been extensively studied for tasks like math competitions, complex coding, and scientific reasoning, yet their ability to accurately represent and simulate physical scenarios via code remains underexplored.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Yanan Wang , Renxi Wang , Yongxin Wang , Xuezhi Liang , Fajri Koto , Timothy Baldwin , Xiaodan Liang , Haonan Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored in higher education, yet their effectiveness as teaching agents remains underexamined. In this paper, we present the development of GuideLM, a fine-tuned LLM designed for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 Emily Ross , Yuval Kansal , Jake Renzella , Alexandra Vassar , Andrew Taylor

Safety fine-tuning helps align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences for their safe deployment. To better understand the underlying factors that make models safe via safety fine-tuning, we design a synthetic data generation…