相关论文: Testing CPS with Design Assumptions-Based Metamorp…
Model transformations are the cornerstone of Model-Driven Engineering, and provide the essential mechanisms for manipulating and transforming models. Checking whether the output of a model transformation is correct is a manual and…
An oracle is a mechanism to decide whether the outputs of the program for the executed test cases are correct. For machine learning programs, such oracle is not available or too difficult to apply. Metamorphic testing is a testing approach…
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) integrate cyber and physical components and enable them to interact with each other to meet user needs. The needs for CPSs span rich application domains such as healthcare and medicine, smart home, smart…
Traditional Cyber-physical Systems(CPSs) were not built with cybersecurity in mind. They operated on separate Operational Technology (OT) networks. As these systems now become more integrated with Information Technology (IT) networks based…
Metamorphic testing is a testing method for problems without test oracles. Integration testing allows for detecting errors in complex systems that may not be found during the testing of their components. In this paper, we propose a novel…
Metamorphic testing seeks to verify software in the absence of test oracles. Our application domain is ocean system modeling, where test oracles rarely exist, but where symmetries of the simulated physical systems are known. The input data…
Many important properties of cyber-physical systems (CPS) are defined upon the relationship between multiple executions simultaneously in continuous time. Examples include probabilistic fairness and sensitivity to modeling errors (i.e.,…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS), in most instances, represent systems of systems with an informationally decentralized structure such as emerging mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, power…
Cyber Physical Systems are systems controlled or monitored by computer-based programs, tightly integrated networks, sensors, and actuators. Software development of CPS has become so difficult that it represents most of the cost of CPS…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) revolutionize various application domains with integration and interoperability of networking, computing systems, and mechanical devices. Due to its scale and variety, CPS faces a number of challenges and opens…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) consist of software interacting with the physical world, such as robots, vehicles, and industrial processes. CPS are frequently responsible for the safety of lives, property, or the environment, and so software…
Modern cyber-physical systems (CPS) have a close inter-dependence between software and physical components. Automotive embedded systems are typical CPS, as physical chips, sensors and actuators are physical components and software embedded…
Test automation requires automated oracles to assess test outputs. For cyber physical systems (CPS), oracles, in addition to be automated, should ensure some key objectives: (i) they should check test outputs in an online manner to stop…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which integrate algorithmic control with physical processes, often consist of physically distributed components communicating over a network. A malfunctioning or compromised component in such a CPS can lead to…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) continuously interact with their physical environments through software controllers that observe the environments and determine actions. Engineers can verify to what extent the CPS under analysis can achieve…
Today's cyber physical systems (CPS) are not well protected against cyber attacks. Protected CPS often have holes in their defense, due to the manual nature of today's cyber security design process. It is necessary to automate or…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) involve the interconnection of heterogeneous computing devices which are closely integrated with the physical processes under control. Often, these systems are resource-constrained and require specific features…
Matrices often represent important information in scientific applications and are involved in performing complex calculations. But systematically testing these applications is hard due to the oracle problem. Metamorphic testing is an…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are interconnected architectures that employ analog, digital, and communication resources for their interaction with the physical environment. CPS are the backbone of enterprise, industrial, and critical…
The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…