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A data mixture refers to how different data sources are combined to train large language models, and selecting an effective mixture is crucial for optimal downstream performance. Existing methods either conduct costly searches directly on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Jingwei Li , Xinran Gu , Jingzhao Zhang

Neural scaling laws aim to characterize how out-of-sample error behaves as a function of model and training dataset size. Such scaling laws guide allocation of a computational resources between model and data processing to minimize error.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Hong Jun Jeon , Benjamin Van Roy

Scaling law principles indicate a power-law correlation between loss and variables such as model size, dataset size, and computational resources utilized during training. These principles play a vital role in optimizing various aspects of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Hui Su , Zhi Tian , Xiaoyu Shen , Xunliang Cai

The ever-growing ecosystem of LLMs has posed a challenge in selecting the most appropriate pre-trained model to fine-tune amidst a sea of options. Given constrained resources, fine-tuning all models and making selections afterward is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Haowei Lin , Baizhou Huang , Haotian Ye , Qinyu Chen , Zihao Wang , Sujian Li , Jianzhu Ma , Xiaojun Wan , James Zou , Yitao Liang

Scaling laws describing the dependence of neural network performance on the amount of training data, the spent compute, and the network size have emerged across a huge variety of machine learning task and datasets. In this work, we…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2026-01-21 Henning Bahl , Victor Bresó-Pla , Anja Butter , Joaquín Iturriza Ramirez

Low-precision training is critical for optimizing the trade-off between model quality and training costs, necessitating the joint allocation of model size, dataset size, and numerical precision. While empirical scaling laws suggest that…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-27 Dechen Zhang , Xuan Tang , Yingyu Liang , Difan Zou

While scaling laws for large language models (LLMs) during pre-training have been extensively studied, their behavior under reinforcement learning (RL) post-training remains largely unexplored. This paper presents a systematic empirical…

Sequential recommendation (SR) tasks aim to predict users' next interaction by learning their behavior sequence and capturing the connection between users' past interactions and their changing preferences. Conventional SR models often focus…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Haoyi Zhang , Guohao Sun , Jinhu Lu , Guanfeng Liu , Xiu Susie Fang

Scaling laws describe how language models improve with additional data, parameters, and compute. While widely used, they are typically measured on aggregate test sets. Aggregate evaluations yield clean trends but average over heterogeneous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 William Held , David Hall , Percy Liang , Diyi Yang

The performance of a language model has been shown to be effectively modeled as a power-law in its parameter count. Here we study the scaling behaviors of Routing Networks: architectures that conditionally use only a subset of their…

While scaling laws for Large Language Models (LLMs) traditionally focus on proxy metrics like pretraining loss, predicting downstream task performance has been considered unreliable. This paper challenges that view by proposing a direct…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Jakub Krajewski , Amitis Shidani , Dan Busbridge , Sam Wiseman , Jason Ramapuram

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRSs) have emerged as a highly efficient approach to recommendation systems. By leveraging sequential data, SRSs can identify temporal patterns in user behaviour, significantly improving recommendation…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success. A key factor behind this success is the scaling law observed by OpenAI. Specifically, for models with Transformer architecture, the test loss exhibits a power-law…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Yifang Chen , Xuyang Guo , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

Scaling law that rewards large datasets, complex models and enhanced data granularity has been observed in various fields of deep learning. Yet, studies on time series forecasting have cast doubt on scaling behaviors of deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Jingzhe Shi , Qinwei Ma , Huan Ma , Lei Li

Scaling laws in deep learning -- empirical power-law relationships linking model performance to resource growth -- have emerged as simple yet striking regularities across architectures, datasets, and tasks. These laws are particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Francesco D'Amico , Dario Bocchi , Matteo Negri

In recent years, the expansion of neural network models and training data has driven remarkable progress in deep learning, particularly in computer vision and natural language processing. This advancement is underpinned by the concept of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Yi Ma , Hongyao Tang , Chenjun Xiao , Yaodong Yang , Wei Wei , Jianye Hao , Jiye Liang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have accelerated progress toward artificial general intelligence, with inference-time scaling emerging as a key technique. Contemporary approaches leverage either sequential reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Zenan Xu , Zexuan Qiu , Guanhua Huang , Kun Li , Siheng Li , Chenchen Zhang , Kejiao Li , Qi Yi , Yuhao Jiang , Bo Zhou , Fengzong Lian , Zhanhui Kang

We study the problem of entropy calibration, which asks whether a language model's entropy over generations matches its log loss on human text. Past work found that models are miscalibrated, with entropy per step increasing as generations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Steven Cao , Gregory Valiant , Percy Liang

Sequential Recommendation (SR) task involves predicting the next item a user is likely to interact with, given their past interactions. The SR models examine the sequence of a user's actions to discern more complex behavioral patterns and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Wujiang Xu , Qitian Wu , Zujie Liang , Jiaojiao Han , Xuying Ning , Yunxiao Shi , Wenfang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

Query rewriting is essential for database performance optimization, but existing automated rule enumeration methods suffer from exponential search spaces, severe redundancy, and poor scalability, especially when handling complex query plans…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yuan Zhang , Yuxing Chen , Yuekun Yu , Jinbin Huang , Rui Mao , Anqun Pan , Lixiong Zheng , Jianbin Qin