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Nowadays, powerful large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have demonstrated revolutionary power in a variety of tasks. Consequently, the detection of machine-generated texts (MGTs) is becoming increasingly crucial as LLMs become more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Xinlei He , Xinyue Shen , Zeyuan Chen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Text watermarking has emerged as a pivotal technique for identifying machine-generated text. However, existing methods often rely on arbitrary vocabulary partitioning during decoding to embed watermarks, which compromises the availability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Liang Chen , Yatao Bian , Yang Deng , Deng Cai , Shuaiyi Li , Peilin Zhao , Kam-fai Wong

Recent advancements in Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of highly realistic synthetic content, raising concerns about the potential for malicious use, such as misinformation and manipulation.…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into academic workflows, with many conferences and journals permitting their use for tasks such as language refinement and literature summarization. However, their use in peer review…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Alexander Nemecek , Yuzhou Jiang , Erman Ayday

Watermarking has emerged as a promising way to detect LLM-generated text, by augmenting LLM generations with later detectable signals. Recent work has proposed multiple families of watermarking schemes, several of which focus on preserving…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Thibaud Gloaguen , Nikola Jovanović , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

A recent watermarking scheme for language models achieves distortion-free embedding and robustness to edit-distance attacks. However, it suffers from limited generation diversity and high detection overhead. In parallel, recent research has…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Yangkun Wang , Jingbo Shang

Having a clean dataset has been the foundational assumption of most natural language processing (NLP) systems. However, properly written text is rarely found in real-world scenarios and hence, oftentimes invalidates the aforementioned…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Ayush Singh , Navpreet Singh , Shubham Vatsal

Watermarking is a principled approach for tracing the provenance of large language model (LLM) outputs, but its deployment in practice is hindered by inference inefficiency. Speculative sampling accelerates inference, with efficiency…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Weiqing He , Xiang Li , Li Shen , Weijie Su , Qi Long

With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) and the huge amount of text they generated, it becomes more and more impractical to manually distinguish whether a text is machine-generated. Given the growing use of LLMs in social…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-12 Jinyan Su , Terry Yue Zhuo , Di Wang , Preslav Nakov

We introduce TextSeal, a state-of-the-art watermark for large language models. Building on Gumbel-max sampling, TextSeal introduces dual-key generation to restore output diversity, along with entropy-weighted scoring and multi-region…

LLMs now exhibit human-like skills in various fields, leading to worries about misuse. Thus, detecting generated text is crucial. However, passive detection methods are stuck in domain specificity and limited adversarial robustness. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-17 Xi Yang , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Chang Liu , Yuang Qi , Jie Zhang , Han Fang , Nenghai Yu

Advances in Large Language Models (e.g., GPT-4, LLaMA) have improved the generation of coherent sentences resembling human writing on a large scale, resulting in the creation of so-called deepfake texts. However, this progress poses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Adaku Uchendu , Jooyoung Lee , Hua Shen , Thai Le , Ting-Hao 'Kenneth' Huang , Dongwon Lee

Amidst rising concerns about the internet being proliferated with content generated from language models (LMs), watermarking is seen as a principled way to certify whether text was generated from a model. Many recent watermarking techniques…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Saksham Rastogi , Danish Pruthi

Detecting text generated by large language models (LLMs) is crucial but challenging. Existing detectors depend on impractical assumptions, such as white-box settings, or solely rely on text-level features, leading to imprecise detection…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Xuecong Li , Xiaohong Li , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Junjie Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality texts across diverse domains. However, the potential misuse of LLMs has raised significant concerns, underscoring the urgent need for reliable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Yihuai Xu , Yongwei Wang , Yifei Bi , Huangsen Cao , Zhouhan Lin , Yu Zhao , Fei Wu

Digital watermarking is a promising solution for mitigating some of the risks arising from the misuse of automatically generated text. These approaches either embed non-specific watermarks to allow for the detection of any text generated by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Zihao Fu , Chris Russell

We study how to watermark LLM outputs, i.e. embedding algorithmically detectable signals into LLM-generated text to track misuse. Unlike the current mainstream methods that work with a fixed LLM, we expand the watermark design space by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Xiaojun Xu , Yuanshun Yao , Yang Liu

Watermark algorithms for large language models (LLMs) have achieved extremely high accuracy in detecting text generated by LLMs. Such algorithms typically involve adding extra watermark logits to the LLM's logits at each generation step.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Aiwei Liu , Leyi Pan , Xuming Hu , Shiao Meng , Lijie Wen

Significant progress has been made on text generation by pre-trained language models (PLMs), yet distinguishing between human and machine-generated text poses an escalating challenge. This paper offers an in-depth evaluation of three…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) raised concerns over potential misuse, such as for spreading misinformation. In response two counter measures emerged: machine learning-based detectors that predict if text is synthetic,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins , Ilia Shumailov , Sumanth Dathathri