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Large Language Models (LLMs) are prevalent in modern applications but often memorize training data, leading to privacy breaches and copyright issues. Existing research has mainly focused on posthoc analyses, such as extracting memorized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-10 Tarun Ram Menta , Susmit Agrawal , Chirag Agarwal

Large pre-trained language models have demonstrated their proficiency in storing factual knowledge within their parameters and achieving remarkable results when fine-tuned for downstream natural language processing tasks. Nonetheless, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Konstantinos Andriopoulos , Johan Pouwelse

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet they also exhibit memorization of their training data. This phenomenon raises critical questions about model behavior, privacy risks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Alexander Xiong , Xuandong Zhao , Aneesh Pappu , Dawn Song

While recent research increasingly showcases the remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), it is equally crucial to examine their associated risks. Among these, privacy and security vulnerabilities are particularly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Ali Satvaty , Suzan Verberne , Fatih Turkmen

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive in-context learning (ICL) capability, enabling them to perform new tasks using only a few demonstrations in the prompt. Two different mechanisms have been proposed to explain ICL: induction…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Kayo Yin , Jacob Steinhardt

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on web-scale text corpora have been shown to capture world knowledge in their parameters. However, the mechanism by which language models store different types of knowledge is poorly understood. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Jared Fernandez , Yonatan Bisk , Emma Strubell

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) highlights the critical importance of conducting thorough evaluations to discern their comparative advantages, limitations, and optimal use cases. Particularly important is assessing their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Daniel Machlab , Rick Battle

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in question answering (QA), but metrics for assessing their reliance on memorization versus retrieval remain underdeveloped. Moreover, while finetuned models are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Peter Carragher , Abhinand Jha , R Raghav , Kathleen M. Carley

Understanding knowledge mechanisms in Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for advancing towards trustworthy AGI. This paper reviews knowledge mechanism analysis from a novel taxonomy including knowledge utilization and evolution.…

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has been accompanied by the development of various benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities. However, the true nature of these evaluations and the extent to which they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Botian Jiang , Lei Li , Xiaonan Li , Zhaowei Li , Xiachong Feng , Lingpeng Kong , Qi Liu , Xipeng Qiu

Large Language Models (LLMs), often show strong performance on English tasks, while exhibiting limitations on other languages. What is an LLM's multilingual capability when it is trained only on certain languages? The underlying mechanism…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Fei Yuan , Shuai Yuan , Zhiyong Wu , Lei Li

Multilingual language model (LM) have become a powerful tool in NLP especially for non-English languages. Nevertheless, model parameters of multilingual LMs remain large due to the larger embedding matrix of the vocabulary covering tokens…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Asahi Ushio , Yi Zhou , Jose Camacho-Collados

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently memorize long sequences verbatim, often with serious legal and privacy implications. Much prior work has studied such verbatim memorization using observational data. To complement such work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-26 Jing Huang , Diyi Yang , Christopher Potts

Memory emerges as the core module in the large language model (LLM)-based agents for long-horizon complex tasks (e.g., multi-turn dialogue, game playing, scientific discovery), where memory can enable knowledge accumulation, iterative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Yanchen Wu , Tenghui Lin , Yingli Zhou , Fangyuan Zhang , Qintian Guo , Xun Zhou , Sibo Wang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

This paper presents several novel findings on the explainability of vision reflection in large multimodal models (LMMs). First, we show that prompting an LMM to verify the prediction of a specialized vision model can improve recognition…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Guoyuan An , JaeYoon Kim , SungEui Yoon

The ability of machine learning models to store input information in hidden layer vector embeddings, analogous to the concept of `memory', is widely employed but not well characterized. We find that language model embeddings typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Benjamin L. Badger

Large language models (LLMs) have been proven capable of memorizing their training data, which can be extracted through specifically designed prompts. As the scale of datasets continues to grow, privacy risks arising from memorization have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Zhenhong Zhou , Jiuyang Xiang , Chaomeng Chen , Sen Su

We present an approach for assessing how multilingual large language models (LLMs) learn syntax in terms of multi-formalism syntactic structures. We aim to recover constituent and dependency structures by casting parsing as sequence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-21 Alberto Muñoz-Ortiz , David Vilares , Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have recently gained considerable attention due to the powerful reasoning capabilities of LLMs. Existing research predominantly focuses on enhancing the task performance of these agents in diverse…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Dayong Ye , Tainqing Zhu , Congcong Zhu , Feng He , Qi He , Shang Wang , Bo Liu , Wanlei Zhou

Large language models (LMs) have rapidly become a mainstay in Natural Language Processing. These models are known to acquire rich linguistic knowledge from training on large amounts of text. In this paper, we investigate if pre-training on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Avinash Madasu , Shashank Srivastava