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Large Language Models (LLMs) hold immense potential to generate synthetic data of high quality and utility, which has numerous applications from downstream model training to practical data utilisation. However, contemporary models, despite…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 Charles O'Neill , Yuan-Sen Ting , Ioana Ciuca , Jack Miller , Thang Bui

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate social attitudes and behaviors, offering scalable "silicon samples" that can approximate human data. However, current simulation practice often collapses diversity into an…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Xiaoyou Qin , Zhihong Li , Xiaoxiao Cheng

Large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable success in natural language generation but lesser focus has been given to their applicability in decision making tasks such as classification. We show that LLMs like LLaMa can achieve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Vikas Yadav , Zheng Tang , Vijay Srinivasan

Inference-time computation is a powerful paradigm to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs), with Best-of-N sampling being a widely used technique. However, this method is computationally expensive, requiring both (1) an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Rohin Manvi , Anikait Singh , Stefano Ermon

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using diverse datasets is crucial for enhancing their overall performance across various domains. In practical scenarios, existing methods based on modeling the mixture proportions of data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Zhenqing Ling , Daoyuan Chen , Liuyi Yao , Qianli Shen , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

While recent advances in preference learning have enhanced alignment in human feedback, mathematical reasoning remains a persistent challenge. We investigate how data diversification strategies in preference optimization can improve the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 Berkan Dokmeci , Qingyang Wu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang , Shuaiwen Leon Song , James Zou

Mathematical reasoning benchmarks are vital for evaluating large language models (LLMs), but many are static and repeatedly exposed through public evaluation and training pipelines, making it difficult to separate genuine reasoning from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Raoyuan Zhao , Yihong Liu , Yupei Du , Hinrich Schütze , Michael A. Hedderich

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology and their unparalleled text generation capabilities have sparked interest in their application to the fundamental sentence representation learning task.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-20 Huiming Wang , Zhaodonghui Li , Liying Cheng , Soh De Wen , Lidong Bing

In-context learning (ICL) is a crucial capability of current large language models (LLMs), where the selection of examples plays a key role in performance. While most existing approaches focus on selecting the most similar examples to the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Wenyang Xiao , Haoyu Zhao , Lingxiao Huang

Providing example sentences that are diverse and aligned with learners' proficiency levels is essential for fostering effective language acquisition. This study examines the use of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to produce example…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Enrico Benedetti , Akiko Aizawa , Florian Boudin

Large language models (LLMs) are systematically overconfident: they routinely express high certainty on questions they often answer incorrectly. Existing calibration methods either require labeled validation data, degrade under distribution…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Mohamed Rissal Hedna , Jan Strich , Martin Semmann , Chris Biemann

This paper explores the utility of a Large Language Model (LLM) to automatically generate queries and query variants from a description of an information need. Given a set of information needs described as backstories, we explore how…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-31 Marwah Alaofi , Luke Gallagher , Mark Sanderson , Falk Scholer , Paul Thomas

Using tools by Large Language Models (LLMs) is a promising avenue to extend their reach beyond language or conversational settings. The number of tools can scale to thousands as they enable accessing sensory information, fetching updated…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Mohammad Kachuee , Sarthak Ahuja , Vaibhav Kumar , Puyang Xu , Xiaohu Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown improved generation performance through retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) following the retriever-reader paradigm, which supplements model inputs with externally retrieved knowledge. However, prior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Zhanghao Hu , Qinglin Zhu , Siya Qi , Yulan He , Hanqi Yan , Lin Gui

The effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) is often hindered by duplicated data in their extensive pre-training datasets. Current approaches primarily focus on detecting and removing duplicates, which risks the loss of valuable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-10 Nan He , Weichen Xiong , Hanwen Liu , Yi Liao , Lei Ding , Kai Zhang , Guohua Tang , Xiao Han , Wei Yang

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought substantial attention to the Chain of Thought (CoT) approach, primarily due to its ability to enhance the capability of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks. Moreover, the significance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Bingshuai Liu , Chenyang Lyu , Zijun Min , Zhanyu Wang , Jinsong Su , Longyue Wang

Research has shown the effectiveness of reasoning (e.g., Chain-of-Thought), planning (e.g., SelfAsk), and retrieval augmented generation strategies to improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various tasks, such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Tanmay Parekh , Pradyot Prakash , Alexander Radovic , Akshay Shekher , Denis Savenkov

Contrastive learning has been successfully used for retrieval of semantically aligned sentences, but it often requires large batch sizes or careful engineering to work well. In this paper, we instead propose a generative model for learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 John Wieting , Jonathan H. Clark , William W. Cohen , Graham Neubig , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has greatly improved our ability to process complex language. However, accurately detecting logical fallacies remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel and effective prompt…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Jiwon Jeong , Hyeju Jang , Hogun Park

With the widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to various domains, concerns regarding the trustworthiness of LLMs in safety-critical scenarios have been raised, due to their unpredictable tendency to hallucinate and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Xin Qiu , Risto Miikkulainen