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Uncertainty estimation is a key component in any deployed machine learning system. One way to evaluate uncertainty estimation is using "out-of-distribution" (OoD) detection, that is, distinguishing between the training data distribution and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-03 Haiwen Huang , Joost van Amersfoort , Yarin Gal

Current techniques for Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection predominantly rely on quantifying predictive uncertainty and incorporating model regularization during the training phase, using either real or synthetic OoD samples. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Xiaoyang Song , Wenbo Sun , Maher Nouiehed , Raed Al Kontar , Judy Jin

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is important for machine learning models deployed in the wild. Recent methods use auxiliary outlier data to regularize the model for improved OOD detection. However, these approaches make a strong…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-30 Julian Katz-Samuels , Julia Nakhleh , Robert Nowak , Yixuan Li

Even though auto-encoders (AEs) have the desirable property of learning compact representations without labels and have been widely applied to out-of-distribution (OoD) detection, they are generally still poorly understood and are used…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Cosmin I. Bercea , Daniel Rueckert , Julia A. Schnabel

With recent generative models facilitating photo-realistic image synthesis, the proliferation of synthetic images has also engendered certain negative impacts on social platforms, thereby raising an urgent imperative to develop effective…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Ouxiang Li , Jiayin Cai , Yanbin Hao , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Fuli Feng

Detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) sensory data and covariate distribution shift aims to identify new test examples with different high-level image statistics to the captured, normal and In-Distribution (ID) set. Existing OOD detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Christiaan Viviers , Amaan Valiuddin , Francisco Caetano , Lemar Abdi , Lena Filatova , Peter de With , Fons van der Sommen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for reliably deploying machine learning models in the wild. Yet, most methods treat large pre-trained models as monolithic encoders and rely solely on their final-layer representations for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 I. M. De la Jara , C. Rodriguez-Opazo , D. Teney , D. Ranasinghe , E. Abbasnejad

Due to the intractability of characterizing everything that looks unlike the normal data, anomaly detection (AD) is traditionally treated as an unsupervised problem utilizing only normal samples. However, it has recently been found that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-29 Philipp Liznerski , Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Billy Joe Franks , Klaus-Robert Müller , Marius Kloft

Traditional semi-supervised object detection methods assume a fixed set of object classes (in-distribution or ID classes) during training and deployment, which limits performance in real-world scenarios where unseen classes…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Garvita Allabadi , Ana Lucic , Siddarth Aananth , Tiffany Yang , Yu-Xiong Wang , Vikram Adve

One of the early weaknesses identified in deep neural networks trained for image classification tasks was their inability to provide low confidence predictions on out-of-distribution (OOD) data that was significantly different from the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Evelyn Mannix , Howard Bondell

In the context of modern machine learning, models deployed in real-world scenarios often encounter diverse data shifts like covariate and semantic shifts, leading to challenges in both out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization and detection.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-30 Han Wang , Yixuan Li

With recent progress in deep generative models, the problem of identifying synthetic data and comparing their underlying generative processes has become an imperative task for various reasons, including fighting visual misinformation and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-07 Hae Jin Song , Wael AbdAlmageed

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world scenarios, enabling the identification of unknown samples or objects. A prominent approach to enhance OOD detection…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-08-05 Heng Gao , Jun Li

Novelty detection is a process for distinguishing the observations that differ in some respect from the observations that the model is trained on. Novelty detection is one of the fundamental requirements of a good classification or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-04-10 Mahdyar Ravanbakhsh

Neural networks trained with SGD were recently shown to rely preferentially on linearly-predictive features and can ignore complex, equally-predictive ones. This simplicity bias can explain their lack of robustness out of distribution…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-13 Damien Teney , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Simon Lucey , Anton van den Hengel

The unsupervised outlier detection (UOD) problem refers to a task to identify inliers given training data which contain outliers as well as inliers, without any labeled information about inliers and outliers. It has been widely recognized…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-07-17 Dongha Kim , Jaesung Hwang , Jongjin Lee , Kunwoong Kim , Yongdai Kim

Standard machine learning is unable to accommodate inputs which do not belong to the training distribution. The resulting models often give rise to confident incorrect predictions which may lead to devastating consequences. This problem is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-01 Matej Grcić , Petra Bevandić , Zoran Kalafatić , Siniša Šegvić

State of the art deep generative networks are capable of producing images with such incredible realism that they can be suspected of memorizing training images. It is why it is not uncommon to include visualizations of training set nearest…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-14 Ryan Webster , Julien Rabin , Loic Simon , Frederic Jurie

Discriminative learning effectively predicts true object class for image classification. However, it often results in false positives for outliers, posing critical concerns in applications like autonomous driving and video surveillance…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Masoud Taghikhah , Nishant Kumar , Siniša Šegvić , Abouzar Eslami , Stefan Gumhold

Joint machine learning models that allow synthesizing and classifying data often offer uneven performance between those tasks or are unstable to train. In this work, we depart from a set of empirical observations that indicate the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-06 Kamil Deja , Tomasz Trzcinski , Jakub M. Tomczak