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Activation sparsity can reduce the computational overhead and memory transfers during the forward pass of Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Existing methods face limitations, either demanding time-consuming recovery training that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Kai Liu , Bowen Xu , Shaoyu Wu , Xin Chen , Hao Zhou , Yongliang Tao , Lulu Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are costly to deploy due to their large memory footprint and high inference cost. Weight-activation quantization can reduce these costs, but low-bit activation quantization remains difficult because activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chayne Thrash , Ali Abbasi , Soheil Kolouri

We introduce QuaRot, a new Quantization scheme based on Rotations, which is able to quantize LLMs end-to-end, including all weights, activations, and KV cache in 4 bits. QuaRot rotates LLMs in a way that removes outliers from the hidden…

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but incur high inference costs due to dense computation and memory access. Training-free activation sparsity is a promising approach for efficient LLM inference, yet existing methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Lei Chen , Yuan Meng , Xiaoyu Zhan , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

This paper presents an invariant Rauch-Tung- Striebel (IRTS) smoother applicable to systems with states that are an element of a matrix Lie group. In particular, the extended Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother is adapted to work within a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-03-04 Niels van der Laan , Mitchell Cohen , Jonathan Arsenault , James Richard Forbes

Large Language Models (LLMs) are proficient in natural language processing tasks, but their deployment is often restricted by extensive parameter sizes and computational demands. This paper focuses on post-training quantization (PTQ) in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-19 Janghwan Lee , Minsoo Kim , Seungcheol Baek , Seok Joong Hwang , Wonyong Sung , Jungwook Choi

The smoothing task is core to many signal processing applications. A widely popular smoother is the Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) algorithm, which achieves minimal mean-squared error recovery with low complexity for linear Gaussian state space…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-12-18 Guy Revach , Xiaoyong Ni , Nir Shlezinger , Ruud J. G. van Sloun , Yonina C. Eldar

Rotations have become essential to state-of-the-art quantization pipelines for large language models (LLMs) by effectively smoothing outliers in weights and activations. However, further optimizing the rotation parameters offers only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Liulu He , Shenli Zheng , Karwei Sun , Yijiang Liu , Yufei Zhao , Chongkang Tan , Huanrui Yang , Yuan Du , Li Du

Hardware faults, specifically bit-flips in quantized weights, pose a severe reliability threat to Large Language Models (LLMs), often triggering catastrophic model collapses. We demonstrate that this vulnerability fundamentally stems from…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Deng Liu , Song Chen

Transformer models have been widely adopted in various domains over the last years, and especially large language models have advanced the field of AI significantly. Due to their size, the capability of these networks has increased…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Yelysei Bondarenko , Markus Nagel , Tijmen Blankevoort

Coping with outliers contaminating dynamical processes is of major importance in various applications because mismatches from nominal models are not uncommon in practice. In this context, the present paper develops novel fixed-lag and…

系统与控制 · 计算机科学 2018-11-29 Shahrokh Farahmand , Georgios B. Giannakis , Daniele Angelosante

Large Language Models (LLMs), while demonstrating remarkable capabilities across various applications, present significant challenges during inference due to their substantial model size, especially when deployed on edge devices. Activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Zhenyu Zhang , Zechun Liu , Yuandong Tian , Harshit Khaitan , Zhangyang Wang , Steven Li

We investigate the functional role of emergent outliers in large language models, specifically attention sinks (a few tokens that consistently receive large attention logits) and residual sinks (a few fixed dimensions with persistently…

Randomized Smoothing (RS) is a prominent technique for certifying the robustness of neural networks against adversarial perturbations. With RS, achieving high accuracy at small radii requires a small noise variance, while achieving high…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Chenhao Sun , Yuhao Mao , Martin Vechev

Investigating outliers in large language models (LLMs) is crucial due to their significant impact on various aspects of LLM performance, including quantization and compression. Outliers often cause considerable quantization errors, leading…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Rahul Raman , Khushi Sharma , Sai Qian Zhang

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance, but their deployment presents challenges due to their significant memory usage. This issue can be alleviated through quantization. In this paper, we identify that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Zhihang Yuan , Lin Niu , Jiawei Liu , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Yuzhang Shang , Guangyu Sun , Qiang Wu , Jiaxiang Wu , Bingzhe Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various natural language processing tasks. However, their size presents significant challenges for deployment and inference. This paper investigates the quantization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Lucas Maisonnave , Cyril Moineau , Olivier Bichler , Fabrice Rastello

Quantization of large language models (LLMs) faces significant challenges, particularly due to the presence of outlier activations that impede efficient low-bit representation. Traditional approaches predominantly address Normal Outliers,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Haokun Lin , Haobo Xu , Yichen Wu , Jingzhi Cui , Yingtao Zhang , Linzhan Mou , Linqi Song , Zhenan Sun , Ying Wei

Despite advances in reinforcement learning (RL)-based video reasoning with large language models (LLMs), data collection and fine-tuning remain significant challenges. These methods often rely on large-scale supervised fine-tuning (SFT)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Ziyang Wang , Jaehong Yoon , Shoubin Yu , Md Mohaiminul Islam , Gedas Bertasius , Mohit Bansal

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder their widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) a more practical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Xiuying Wei , Zhiwei Dong , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang