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One of the fundamental challenges towards building any intelligent tutoring system is its ability to automatically grade short student answers. A typical automatic short answer grading system (ASAG) grades student answers across multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-02-26 Swarnadeep Saha , Tejas I. Dhamecha , Smit Marvaniya , Peter Foltz , Renuka Sindhgatta , Bikram Sengupta

Existing work on generating hints in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) focuses mostly on manual and non-personalized feedback. In this work, we explore automatically generated questions as personalized feedback in an ITS. Our personalized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-10 Devang Kulshreshtha , Muhammad Shayan , Robert Belfer , Siva Reddy , Iulian Vlad Serban , Ekaterina Kochmar

This study investigates the application of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, with Chain-of-Though (CoT) in the automatic scoring of student-written responses to science assessments. We focused on overcoming the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Gyeong-Geon Lee , Ehsan Latif , Xuansheng Wu , Ninghao Liu , Xiaoming Zhai

Current automated speaking assessment (ASA) systems for use in multi-aspect evaluations often fail to make full use of content relevance, overlooking image or exemplar cues, and employ superficial grammar analysis that lacks detailed error…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Hao-Chien Lu , Jhen-Ke Lin , Hong-Yun Lin , Chung-Chun Wang , Berlin Chen

Short-reading comprehension questions help students understand text structure but lack effective feedback. Students struggle to identify and correct errors, while manual feedback creation is labor-intensive. This highlights the need for…

Digital technologies are increasingly used in education to reduce the workload of teachers and students. However, creating open-ended study or examination questions and grading their answers is still a tedious task. This thesis presents the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Gérôme Meyer , Philip Breuer

Reinforcement learning (RL) can align language models with non-differentiable reward signals, such as human preferences. However, a major challenge arises from the sparsity of these reward signals - typically, there is only a single reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Meng Cao , Lei Shu , Lei Yu , Yun Zhu , Nevan Wichers , Yinxiao Liu , Lei Meng

Few-shot text classification aims to classify the text under the few-shot scenario. Most of the previous methods adopt optimization-based meta learning to obtain task distribution. However, due to the neglect of matching between the few…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-31 Tianyi Lei , Honghui Hu , Qiaoyang Luo , Dezhong Peng , Xu Wang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable success across a variety of tasks. However, their potential in the domain of Automated Essay Scoring (AES) remains largely underexplored. Moreover, compared to English data,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Yida Cai , Kun Liang , Sanwoo Lee , Qinghan Wang , Yunfang Wu

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) identifies sentiment information related to specific aspects and provides deeper market insights to businesses and organizations. With the emergence of large language models (LMs), recent studies have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Guangmin Zheng , Jin Wang , Liang-Chih Yu , Xuejie Zhang

Constructed-response questions are crucial to encourage generative processing and test a learner's understanding of core concepts. However, the limited availability of instructor time, large class sizes, and other resource constraints pose…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Shyam Agarwal , Ali Moghimi , Kevin C. Haudek

This paper introduces the first publicly available dataset for Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) and feedback generation in Basque, targeting the CEFR C1 proficiency level. The dataset comprises 3,200 essays from HABE, each annotated by expert…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Ekhi Azurmendi , Xabier Arregi , Oier Lopez de Lacalle

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) system is becoming a ubiquitous technology. Although its accuracy is closing the gap with that of human level under certain settings, one area that can further improve is to incorporate user-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-05 Young Mo Kang , Yingbo Zhou

Current research on generative language models (GLMs) for automated text scoring (ATS) has focused almost exclusively on querying proprietary models via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Yet such practices raise issues around…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Christopher Michael Ormerod , Alexander Kwako

Developing models to automatically score students' written responses to science problems is critical for science education. However, collecting and labeling sufficient student responses for training models is time and cost-consuming. Recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Xuansheng Wu , Xinyu He , Tianming Liu , Ninghao Liu , Xiaoming Zhai

Although preference optimization methods have improved reasoning performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), they often lack transparency regarding why one reasoning outcome is preferred over another. This limitation is especially critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Jiazheng Li , Yuxiang Zhou , Junru Lu , Gladys Tyen , Lin Gui , Cesare Aloisi , Yulan He

Research to improve Automated Short Answer Grading has recently focused on Large Language Models (LLMs) with prompt engineering and no- or few-shot prompting to achieve best results. This is in contrast to the fine-tuning approach, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Joel Walsh , Siddarth Mamidanna , Benjamin Nye , Mark Core , Daniel Auerbach

Short answer scoring (SAS) is the task of grading short text written by a learner. In recent years, deep-learning-based approaches have substantially improved the performance of SAS models, but how to guarantee high-quality predictions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-17 Hiroaki Funayama , Tasuku Sato , Yuichiroh Matsubayashi , Tomoya Mizumoto , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

This paper presents methods for improving automated essay scoring with techniques that address the computational trade-offs of self-attention and document length. To make Automated Essay Scoring (AES) more useful to practitioners,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-23 Mike Hardy

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has brought a new paradigm to automated essay scoring (AES), a long-standing and practical application of natural language processing in education. However, achieving human-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Jinhee Jang , Ayoung Moon , Minkyoung Jung , YoungBin Kim , Seung Jin Lee