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Neural Audio Codecs, initially designed as a compression technique, have gained more attention recently for speech generation. Codec models represent each audio frame as a sequence of tokens, i.e., discrete embeddings. The discrete and…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-10-31 Alexander H. Liu , Qirui Wang , Yuan Gong , James Glass

Discrete speech tokenization is a fundamental component in speech codecs. However, in large-scale speech-to-speech systems, the complexity of parallel streams from multiple quantizers and the computational cost of high-time-dimensional…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Rongkun Xue , Yazhe Niu , Shuai Hu , Zixin Yin , Yongqiang Yao , Jing Yang

Neural speech codecs have demonstrated their ability to compress high-quality speech and audio by converting them into discrete token representations. Most existing methods utilize Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) to encode speech into…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Peiji Yang , Fengping Wang , Yicheng Zhong , Huawei Wei , Zhisheng Wang

Noise robustness remains a critical challenge for deploying neural speech codecs in real-world acoustic scenarios where background noise is often inevitable. A key observation we make is that even slight input noise perturbations can cause…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-14 Rui-Chen Zheng , Yang Ai , Hui-Peng Du , Li-Rong Dai

The emergence of audio language models is empowered by neural audio codecs, which establish critical mappings between continuous waveforms and discrete tokens compatible with language model paradigms. The evolutionary trends from…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-02-28 Yidi Jiang , Qian Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Yu Xi , Wen Wang , Chong Zhang , Xianghu Yue , ShiLiang Zhang , Haizhou Li

Although discrete speech tokens have exhibited strong potential for language model-based speech generation, their high bitrates and redundant timbre information restrict the development of such models. In this work, we propose LSCodec, a…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-22 Yiwei Guo , Zhihan Li , Chenpeng Du , Hankun Wang , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Discrete audio representations are gaining traction in speech modeling due to their interpretability and compatibility with large language models, but are not always optimized for noisy or real-world environments. Building on existing works…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Shreyas Gopal , Ashutosh Anshul , Haoyang Li , Yue Heng Yeo , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Discrete audio representations, termed audio tokens, are broadly categorized into semantic and acoustic tokens, typically generated through unsupervised tokenization of continuous audio representations. However, their applicability to…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Jingguang Tian , Haoqin Sun , Xinhui Hu , Xinkang Xu

The rapid advancement of speech generation technologies in the era of large language models (LLMs) has established discrete speech tokens as a foundational paradigm for speech representation. These tokens, characterized by their discrete,…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-12-15 Yiwei Guo , Zhihan Li , Hankun Wang , Bohan Li , Chongtian Shao , Hanglei Zhang , Chenpeng Du , Xie Chen , Shujie Liu , Kai Yu

Latent representation learning has been an active field of study for decades in numerous applications. Inspired among others by the tokenization from Natural Language Processing and motivated by the research of a simple data representation,…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-09-26 Benoît Giniès , Xiaoyu Bie , Olivier Fercoq , Gaël Richard

The advent of neural audio codecs has increased in popularity due to their potential for efficiently modeling audio with transformers. Such advanced codecs represent audio from a highly continuous waveform to low-sampled discrete units. In…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-19 Samir Sadok , Julien Hauret , Éric Bavu

Adversarial perturbations exploit vulnerabilities in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems while preserving human perceived linguistic content. Neural audio codecs impose a discrete bottleneck that can suppress fine-grained signal…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-11 Jordan Prescott , Thanathai Lertpetchpun , Shrikanth Narayanan

Neural compression offers a domain-agnostic approach to creating codecs for lossy or lossless compression via deep generative models. For sequence compression, however, most deep sequence models have costs that scale with the sequence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-29 Ricky T. Q. Chen , Matthew Le , Matthew Muckley , Maximilian Nickel , Karen Ullrich

With the rise of Speech Large Language Models (Speech LLMs), there has been growing interest in discrete speech tokens for their ability to integrate with text-based tokens seamlessly. Compared to most studies that focus on continuous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Dingdong Wang , Mingyu Cui , Dongchao Yang , Xueyuan Chen , Helen Meng

Neural speech codecs have revolutionized speech coding, achieving higher compression while preserving audio fidelity. Beyond compression, they have emerged as tokenization strategies, enabling language modeling on speech and driving…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-02 Wei-Cheng Tseng , David Harwath

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

This paper explores the integration of model-based and data-driven approaches within the realm of neural speech and audio coding systems. It highlights the challenges posed by the subjective evaluation processes of speech and audio codecs…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Minje Kim , Jan Skoglund

State-of-the-art spoken dialogue models (D\'efossez et al. 2024; Schalkwyk et al. 2025) use neural audio codecs to "tokenize" audio signals into a lower-frequency stream of vectorial latent representations, each quantized using a hierarchy…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Juan Pablo Vigneaux , Jennifer Cole

Discrete Speech Representation Tokens (DSRTs) have become a foundational component in speech generation. While prior work has extensively studied phonetic and speaker information in DSRTs, how accent information is encoded in DSRTs remains…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-11 Jinzuomu Zhong , Yi Wang , Korin Richmond , Peter Bell

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have emerged with strong performance across diverse audio understanding tasks and can be further enhanced by neural audio codecs. Transitioning from multi-layer residual vector quantizers to a…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Jingyi Li , Zhiyuan Zhao , Zhisheng Zhang , Yunfei Liu , Lijian Lin , Ye Zhu , Jiahao Wu , Qiuqiang Kong , Yu Li