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Deep energy-based models (EBMs) are very flexible in distribution parametrization but computationally challenging because of the intractable partition function. They are typically trained via maximum likelihood, using contrastive divergence…

Hybrid beamforming (HBF) and antenna selection are promising techniques for improving the energy efficiency~(EE) of massive multiple-input multiple-output~(mMIMO) systems. However, the transmitter architecture may contain several parameters…

Energy-based models (EBM) have become increasingly popular within computer vision. EBMs bring a probabilistic approach to training deep neural networks (DNN) and have been shown to enhance performance in areas such as calibration,…

How the brain performs credit assignment is a fundamental unsolved problem in neuroscience. Many `biologically plausible' algorithms have been proposed, which compute gradients that approximate those computed by backpropagation (BP), and…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are easily fooled by adversarial perturbations that are imperceptible to humans. Adversarial training, a process where adversarial examples are added to the training set, is the current state-of-the-art defense…

Simultaneously achieving robust classification and high-fidelity generative modeling within a single framework presents a significant challenge. Hybrid approaches, such as Joint Energy-Based Models (JEM), interpret classifiers as EBMs but…

The rising computational and energy demands of deep neural networks (DNNs), driven largely by backpropagation (BP), challenge sustainable AI development. This paper rigorously investigates three BP-free training methods: the Forward-Forward…

Energy-based models (EBMs) implement inference as gradient descent on a learned Lyapunov function, yielding interpretable, structure-preserving alternatives to black-box neural ODEs and aligning naturally with physical AI. Yet their use in…

In Federated Learning (FL), devices that participate in the training usually have heterogeneous resources, i.e., energy availability. In current deployments of FL, devices that do not fulfill certain hardware requirements are often dropped…

Hardware accelerations of deep learning systems have been extensively investigated in industry and academia. The aim of this paper is to achieve ultra-high energy efficiency and performance for hardware implementations of deep neural…

Federated learning (FL) enables devices in mobile edge computing (MEC) to collaboratively train a shared model without uploading the local data. Gradient compression may be applied to FL to alleviate the communication overheads but current…

Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a powerful and more bio-plausible alternative to conventional learning frameworks such as backpropagation. The effectiveness of EP stems from the fact that it relies only on local computations and requires…

The rising computational and energy demands of deep learning, particularly in large-scale architectures such as foundation models and large language models (LLMs), pose significant challenges to sustainability. Traditional gradient-based…

The application of deep learning to the area of communications systems has been a growing field of interest in recent years. Forward-forward (FF) learning is an efficient alternative to the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, which is the…

Real-time applications of energy management strategies (EMSs) in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are the harshest requirements for researchers and engineers. Inspired by the excellent problem-solving capabilities of deep reinforcement…

Federated learning (FL) is emerging as a sought-after distributed machine learning architecture, offering the advantage of model training without direct exposure of raw data. With advancements in network infrastructure, FL has been…

Energy-based models (EBMs) are a simple yet powerful framework for generative modeling. They are based on a trainable energy function which defines an associated Gibbs measure, and they can be trained and sampled from via well-established…

Energy-based models (EBMs) are generative models that are usually trained via maximum likelihood estimation. This approach becomes challenging in generic situations where the trained energy is non-convex, due to the need to sample the Gibbs…

Smart multiantenna wireless power transmission can enable perpetual operation of energy harvesting (EH) nodes in the internet-of-things. Moreover, to overcome the increased hardware cost and space constraints associated with having large…

With the prosperity of mobile devices, the distributed learning approach enabling model training with decentralized data has attracted wide research. However, the lack of training capability for edge devices significantly limits the energy…