相关论文: Can expected error costs justify testing a hypothe…

The problem of robust hypothesis testing is studied, where under the null and the alternative hypotheses, the data-generating distributions are assumed to be in some uncertainty sets, and the goal is to design a test that performs well…

In confirmatory clinical trials with small sample sizes, hypothesis tests based on asymptotic distributions are often not valid and exact non-parametric procedures are applied instead. However, the latter are based on discrete test…

To identify statistically significant conclusions, it is proposed to simultaneously test hypotheses and alternatives. It is shown that, under the condition of free combination of hypotheses and alternatives, the closure method leads to…

Modern data analysis frequently involves large-scale hypothesis testing, which naturally gives rise to the problem of maintaining control of a suitable type I error rate, such as the false discovery rate (FDR). In many biomedical and…

We explore the theoretical foundations of a ``twenty questions'' approach to pattern recognition. The object of the analysis is the computational process itself rather than probability distributions (Bayesian inference) or decision…

Achieving error rates that meet or exceed the fault-tolerance threshold is a central goal for quantum computing experiments, and measuring these error rates using randomized benchmarking is now routine. However, direct comparison between…

Consider the problem of binary hypothesis testing. Given $Z$ coming from either $\mathbb P^{\otimes m}$ or $\mathbb Q^{\otimes m}$, to decide between the two with small probability of error it is sufficient, and in many cases necessary, to…

We consider large-scale studies in which thousands of significance tests are performed simultaneously. In some of these studies, the multiple testing procedure can be severely biased by latent confounding factors such as batch effects and…

As a common step in refining their scientific inquiry, investigators are often interested in performing some screening of a collection of given statistical hypotheses. For example, they may wish to determine whether any one of several…

Platform trials evaluate multiple experimental treatments under a single master protocol, where new treatment arms are added to the trial over time. Given the multiple treatment comparisons, there is the potential for inflation of the…

Consider testing multiple hypotheses using tests that can only be evaluated by simulation, such as permutation tests or bootstrap tests. This article introduces MMCTest, a sequential algorithm which gives, with arbitrarily high probability,…

Two-sample tests evaluate whether two samples are realizations of the same distribution (the null hypothesis) or two different distributions (the alternative hypothesis). We consider a new setting for this problem where sample features are…

We explore the fundamental limits of heterogeneous distributed detection in an anonymous sensor network with n sensors and a single fusion center. The fusion center collects the single observation from each of the n sensors to detect a…

We are concerned with a situation in which we would like to test multiple hypotheses with tests whose p-values cannot be computed explicitly but can be approximated using Monte Carlo simulation. This scenario occurs widely in practice. We…

We investigate the problem of jointly testing multiple hypotheses and estimating a random parameter of the underlying distribution in a sequential setup. The aim is to jointly infer the true hypothesis and the true parameter while using on…

We consider sequential hypothesis testing based on observations which are received in groups of random size. The observations are assumed to be independent both within and between the groups. We assume that the group sizes are independent…

Most existing binary classification methods target on the optimization of the overall classification risk and may fail to serve some real-world applications such as cancer diagnosis, where users are more concerned with the risk of…

In several applications of automatic diagnosis and active learning a central problem is the evaluation of a discrete function by adaptively querying the values of its variables until the values read uniquely determine the value of the…

Assuming that data are collected sequentially from independent streams, we consider the simultaneous testing of multiple binary hypotheses under two general setups; when the number of signals (correct alternatives) is known in advance, and…

This paper introduces a novel multi-stage decision-making model that integrates hypothesis testing and dynamic programming algorithms to address complex decision-making scenarios.Initially,we develop a sampling inspection scheme that…