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Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are expected to emit continuous gravitational waves in the pulsar timing array (PTA) frequency band ($10^{-9}$--$10^{-7}$ Hz). The development of data analysis techniques aimed at efficient…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2015-06-04 Justin Ellis , Xavier Siemens , Jolien Creighton

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations recently reported evidence for the presence of a gravitational wave background (GWB) in their datasets. The main candidate that is expected to produce such a GWB is the population of supermassive…

We develop a unified framework for testing gravity beyond General Relativity (GR) with continuous gravitational waves (CWs) from individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). These long-lived, nearly monochromatic nanohertz signals…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2026-05-08 Qinyuan Zheng , Bjorn Larsen , Ellis Eisenberg , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

Gravitational wave (GW) radiations from numerous cosmic stellar-compact-binaries form a stochastic GW background (GWB), which is expected to be detected by ground and space GW detectors in future. Theoretical predictions of this GWB were…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-11-25 Yuetong Zhao , Youjun Lu

Recent years have seen a burgeoning interest in using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) as gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. To date, that interest has focused mainly on three particularly promising source types: supermassive--black-hole…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2014-02-26 Curt Cutler , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Michele Vallisneri , Joseph Lazio , Walid Majid

Following the recent evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background found by pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments, the next major science milestone is resolving individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). The detection of…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2026-04-21 Polina Petrov , Levi Schult , Stephen R. Taylor , Nihan Pol , Nima Laal , Maria Charisi , Chung-Pei Ma

Search sensitivity to a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is enhanced by cross-correlating detector signals. However, one of the most serious concerns is the environmental noise correlated between detectors. The global…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-04-05 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) groups have recently claimed the detection of nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB), but the origin of this gravitational wave (GW) signal remains unclear. Nanohertz GWs generated by supermassive…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-04 Qing Yang , Xiao Guo , Zhoujian Cao , Xiaoyun Shao , Xi Yuan

The recent discovery of the stochastic gravitational-wave background via pulsar timing arrays will likely be followed by the detection of individual black hole binaries that stand out above the background. However, to confidently claim the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-02-26 Bence Bécsy , Neil J. Cornish , Polina Petrov , Xavier Siemens , Stephen R. Taylor , Sarah J. Vigeland , Caitlin A. Witt

Recent pulsar timing array results, including the NANOGrav 15-year data set, show evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) in the nanohertz band. We present a Bayesian framework to compare three possible origins: (i) a…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-28 Mengshen Wang , Zuocheng Zhang , Hua Xu

Incredible progress on the theoretical uncertainty of the spatial correlations of the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background were recently made. However, it remains to realize the impact of this theoretical uncertainty on PTA cross…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-08-16 Reginald Christian Bernardo , Kin-Wang Ng

Within the next several years pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect the stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) likely produced by the collection of inspiralling super-massive black holes binaries, and potentially…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2021-02-24 Yacine Ali-Haïmoud , Tristan L. Smith , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) consists of an incoherent collection of waves from both astrophysical and cosmological sources. To distinguish the SGWB from noise, it is essential to verify its quadrupolar nature,…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-08-22 Yifan Chen , Yuxiang Liu , Jing Shu , Bin Xu , Xiao Xue , Yanjie Zeng

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are anticipated to detect the stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) from supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) as well as the gravitational waves from individual BBHs. Recently, a common process signal…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-06-21 Yunfeng Chen , Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu

Strong evidence for an isotropic, Gaussian gravitational wave background (GWB) has been found by multiple pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). The GWB is expected to be sourced by a finite population of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs)…

Arrays of precisely-timed millisecond pulsars are used to search for gravitational waves with periods of months to decades. Gravitational waves affect the path of radio pulses propagating from a pulsar to Earth, causing the arrival times of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-11-13 Stephen R. Taylor

Pulsar timing arrays aim to detect nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). A background of GWs modulates pulsar arrival times and manifests as a stochastic process, common to all pulsars, with a signature spatial correlation. Here we…

We present the results of simulated injections testing the first Bayesian search-pipeline capable of investigating the angular-structure of a gravitational-wave (GW) background influencing pulsar signals. A stochastic background of GWs from…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2013-10-30 Stephen R. Taylor , Jonathan R. Gair

We propose a data processing technique that allows searches for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation with data from a single detector. Our technique exploits the difference between the coherence time of the gravitational wave…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2012-05-22 Massimo Tinto , J. W. Armstrong

We describe a novel, very fast and robust, directed search incoherent method for periodic gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron stars in binary systems. As directed search, we assume the source sky position to be known with enough…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-06-07 Paola Leaci , Pia Astone , Sabrina D'Antonio , Sergio Frasca , Cristiano Palomba , Ornella Piccinni , Simone Mastrogiovanni