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It is the prevailing belief that quantum error correcting techniques will be required to build a utility-scale quantum computer able to perform computations that are out of reach of classical computers. The QECCs that have been most…

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among these, bivariate bicycle (BB) codes offer superior encoding rates and large code distance compared to surface codes.…

Magic states are essential yet resource-intensive components for realizing universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. Preparing magic states within emerging quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes poses additional challenges, due…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Guo Zhang , Yuanye Zhu , Xiao Yuan , Ying Li

Code-switching is a powerful technique in quantum error correction that allows one to leverage the complementary strengths of different codes to achieve fault-tolerant universal quantum computation. However, existing code-switching…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-10 Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Yifan Hong , Ting-Chun Lin , Michael J. Gullans , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Vast numbers of qubits will be needed for large-scale quantum computing due to the overheads associated with error correction. We present a scheme for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation based on quantum low-density parity-check…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-05-24 Lawrence Z. Cohen , Isaac H. Kim , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

It is well understood that a two-dimensional grid of locally-interacting qubits is a promising platform for achieving fault tolerant quantum computing. However in the near-future, it may prove less challenging to develop lower dimensional…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-11-28 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Michael Fogarty

Facilitating the ability to achieve logical qubit error rates below physical qubit error rates, error correction is anticipated to play an important role in scaling quantum computers. While many algorithms require millions of physical…

Individual impurity atoms in silicon can make superb individual qubits, but it remains an immense challenge to build a multi-qubit processor: There is a basic conflict between nanometre separation desired for qubit-qubit interactions, and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-04-05 Joe O'Gorman , Naomi H. Nickerson , Philipp Ross , John J. L. Morton , Simon C. Benjamin

Fault-tolerant quantum computation demands significant resources: large numbers of physical qubits must be checked for errors repeatedly to protect quantum data as logic gates are implemented in the presence of noise. We demonstrate that an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-23 Felix Thomsen , Markus S. Kesselring , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes offer a promising route to scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation with constant overhead. Recent advancements have shown that qLDPC codes can outperform the quantum memory capability of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-07-08 Jens Niklas Eberhardt , Vincent Steffan

We introduce a framework for implementing logic in CSS quantum error correction codes, building on the surgery methods of Cowtan and Burton [CB24]. Our approach offers a systematic methodology for designing and analysing surgery protocols.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-06-30 Clément Poirson , Joschka Roffe , Robert I. Booth

Universal quantum computers require fault-tolerant logical qudits, as qudits naturally align with the simulation of multi-level physical systems. Here, we present a general framework and working examples for encoding fault-tolerant logical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-24 Sumin Lim

We demonstrate how to use lattice surgery to enact a universal set of fault-tolerant quantum operations with color codes. Along the way, we also improve existing surface-code lattice-surgery methods. Lattice-surgery methods use fewer qubits…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-07-22 Andrew J. Landahl , Ciaran Ryan-Anderson

In order to achieve error rates necessary for advantageous quantum algorithms, Quantum Error Correction (QEC) will need to be employed, improving logical qubit fidelity beyond what can be achieved physically. As today's devices begin to…

We study approximate quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes, which are approximate quantum error-correcting codes specified as the ground space of a frustration-free local Hamiltonian, whose terms do not necessarily commute. Such…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-11-13 Thomas C. Bohdanowicz , Elizabeth Crosson , Chinmay Nirkhe , Henry Yuen

Quantum code surgery is a promising technique to perform fault-tolerant computation on quantum low-density parity-check codes. Recent developments have significantly reduced the space overhead of surgery. However, generic surgery operations…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-17 Alexander Cowtan , Zhiyang He , Dominic J. Williamson , Theodore J. Yoder

Given a quantum gate circuit, how does one execute it in a fault-tolerant architecture with as little overhead as possible? In this paper, we discuss strategies for surface-code quantum computing on small, intermediate and large scales.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-03-07 Daniel Litinski

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computation, but requires extremely large overheads in both space and time. High-rate quantum low-density-parity-check (qLDPC) codes promise a route to reduce qubit…

Running quantum algorithms protected by quantum error correction requires a real time, classical decoder. To prevent the accumulation of a backlog, this decoder must process syndromes from the quantum device at a faster rate than they are…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-01 Sophia Fuhui Lin , Eric C. Peterson , Krishanu Sankar , Prasahnt Sivarajah

Spatially-Coupled (SC)-LDPC codes are known to have outstanding error-correction performance and low decoding latency. Whereas previous works on LDPC and SC-LDPC codes mostly take either an asymptotic or a finite-length design approach, in…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-09-02 Homa Esfahanizadeh , Eshed Ram , Yuval Cassuto , Lara Dolecek