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Aligning large language models with humans is challenging due to the inherently multifaceted nature of preference feedback. While existing approaches typically frame this as a multi-objective optimization problem, they often overlook how…

Recent advances in AI research make it increasingly plausible that artificial agents with consequential real-world impact will soon operate beyond tightly controlled environments. Ensuring that these agents are not only safe but that they…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Kevin Baum

We evaluate the moral alignment of LLMs with human preferences in multilingual trolley problems. Building on the Moral Machine experiment, which captures over 40 million human judgments across 200+ countries, we develop a cross-lingual…

In early developmental contexts, particularly in parent-child interaction analysis, alignment involves families and professionals such as speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who interpret children's everyday interactions from different…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Weiyan Shi , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo

Multi-objective preference alignment in language models often encounters a challenging trade-off: optimizing for one human preference (e.g., helpfulness) frequently compromises others (e.g., harmlessness) due to the inherent conflicts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Zhihao Xu , Yongqi Tong , Xin Zhang , Jun Zhou , Xiting Wang

Large Language Models have garnered significant attention for their capabilities in multilingual natural language processing, while studies on risks associated with cross biases are limited to immediate context preferences. Cross-language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Qianying Liu , Katrina Qiyao Wang , Fei Cheng , Sadao Kurohashi

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to intelligent user interfaces (IUIs), their role as decision-making agents raises critical concerns about alignment. Although extensive research has addressed issues such as factuality, bias,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Anna Karnysheva , Christian Drescher , Dietrich Klakow

This paper looks at philosophical questions that arise in the context of AI alignment. It defends three propositions. First, normative and technical aspects of the AI alignment problem are interrelated, creating space for productive…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Iason Gabriel

Natural-language assistants are designed to provide users with helpful responses while avoiding harmful outputs, largely achieved through alignment to human preferences. Yet there is limited understanding of whether alignment techniques may…

As large language models (LLMs) are deployed in multilingual settings, their safety behavior in culturally diverse, low-resource languages remains poorly understood. We present the first systematic evaluation of LLM safety across 12 Indic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Priyaranjan Pattnayak , Sanchari Chowdhuri

Despite advances in large language model capabilities in recent years, a large gap remains in their capabilities and safety performance for many languages beyond a relatively small handful of globally dominant languages. This paper provides…

Prior research has revealed that certain abstract concepts are linearly represented as directions in the representation space of LLMs, predominantly centered around English. In this paper, we extend this investigation to a multilingual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Shaoyang Xu , Weilong Dong , Zishan Guo , Xinwei Wu , Deyi Xiong

Ensuring the safety of language models (LMs) while maintaining their usefulness remains a critical challenge in AI alignment. Current approaches rely on sequential adversarial training: generating adversarial prompts and fine-tuning LMs to…

With AI systems becoming more powerful and pervasive, there is increasing debate about keeping their actions aligned with the broader goals and needs of humanity. This multi-disciplinary and multi-stakeholder debate must resolve many…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-12-21 Koen Holtman

Language Model Models (LLMs) have improved dramatically in the past few years, increasing their adoption and the scope of their capabilities over time. A significant amount of work is dedicated to ``model alignment'', i.e., preventing LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Abhishek Singhania , Christophe Dupuy , Shivam Mangale , Amani Namboori

Warning: This paper contains examples of harmful language, and reader discretion is recommended. The increasing open release of powerful large language models (LLMs) has facilitated the development of downstream applications by reducing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Xianjun Yang , Xiao Wang , Qi Zhang , Linda Petzold , William Yang Wang , Xun Zhao , Dahua Lin

In the rapidly evolving field of Large Language Models (LLMs), ensuring safety is a crucial and widely discussed topic. However, existing works often overlook the geo-diversity of cultural and legal standards across the world. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Da Yin , Haoyi Qiu , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng

Alignment in artificial intelligence pursues the consistency between model responses and human preferences as well as values. In practice, the multifaceted nature of human preferences inadvertently introduces what is known as the "alignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Yiju Guo , Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Ning Ding , Zexu Sun , Bowen Sun , Huimin Chen , Ruobing Xie , Jie Zhou , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

It is a well-known fact that current AI-based language technology -- language models, machine translation systems, multilingual dictionaries and corpora -- focuses on the world's 2-3% most widely spoken languages. Recent research efforts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-26 Gábor Bella , Paula Helm , Gertraud Koch , Fausto Giunchiglia